野生及人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼肌肉营养成分的比较  

Comparison of nutritive components in muscles between wild and farmed juveniles of Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis

作　　者：宋超[1,2] 庄平[1,2] 章龙珍[1] 刘健 罗刚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]上海高校水产养殖学E-研究院,上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200002 [3]上海市长江口中华鲟自然保护区管理处

出　　处：《动物学报》2007年第3期502-510,共9页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30490234);国家"863"计划项目(No.2004AA603110);上海市教育委员会E-研究院建设项目(No.E03009);科技部科技基础性工作和社会公益研究专项(No.2003DIB4J129);长江口中华鲟自然保护区专项~~

摘　　要：对野生及人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼的肌肉营养成分和营养品质进行了分析比较。结果表明:野生中华鲟幼鱼肌肉中水分、粗蛋白和粗灰分含量均显著高于人工养殖中华鲟(P<0.05),而粗脂肪含量显著低于人工养殖中华鲟(P<0.05)。野生和人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼的氨基酸组成基本一致,均含有18种氨基酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为72.02、66.21,其构成比例符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)的标准。脂肪酸中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的含量野生中华鲟显著高于人工养殖中华鲟(P<0.05),分别为22.99%、7.15%。矿物质含量丰富,微量元素含量野生中华鲟明显高于人工养殖中华鲟。This paper briefly compares the nutritive components and nutritional quality in muscles between wild and farmed juveniles of the Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis. The results showed that moisture content, crude protein, crude fat and crude ashin fresh muscles of the wild and the farmed stocks were 81.44% ± 0.74%, 80.48% ± 0.52%, 17.23% ± 0.21%, 16.28% ±0.16%, 0.36% ±0.01%, 1.10% ±0.07%, 1.19% ±0.03%, 1.11% ±0.01% respectively. The moisture, crude protein and crude ash contents in the muscle of the wild juveniles were significantly higher than that of the farmed juveniles （P 〈 0.05）, while crude fat content in the muscle of the farmed juveniles was significantly higher than that of the wild juveniles （ P 〈 0.05）. Eighteen kinds of amino acids were identified in muscles of the two groups i.e. , 8 essential amino acids （Thr, Val, Met, Phe, lie, Leu, Lys and Trp） , 2 half-essential amino acids （His and Arg） and 8 nonessential amino acids （Asp, Glu, Ser,Gly, Ala, Tyr, Cys and Pro）. The contents of total amino acids （ WTAA ）, total essential amino acids （ WEAA ）, total half-essential amino acids （ WHEAA）, total nonessential amino acids （ WNEAA ） in dry samples from the wild and the fanned stocks were 86.02% ±2.77%, 80.45% ±0.96%; 36.87% ± 1.32%, 33.99% ±0.43%; 8.11% ± 0.28%, 7.50% ±0.28%; 41.03% ± 1.30%, 38.96% ± 0.67% respectively. In dry samples, the Ser, Tyr, Cys, Asp, Arg, lie, Leu, Lys, Thr, Val and Trp content in the muscle of the wild stocks was significantly higher than that of the farmed stocks （ P 〈 0.05）. The content of WTAA, WEAA, WHEAA and WNEAA in the muscle of the wild was significantly higher than that of the farmed fish （ P 〈 0.05）. The essential amino acids index （EAAI） was 72.02 and 66.21 respectively and the constitutional rate of the essential amino acids （EAA） met the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO） /Word Health Organization （WHO） Standard. According to nutrition evaluation, in the

关 键 词：鲟鱼 肌肉 营养成分 氨基酸 脂肪酸 矿物质 微量元素 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]