内隐情感记忆实验研究 Ⅱ:　遗忘及其情感特征  

Experimental Research on Implicit Emotion Memory Ⅱ: Forgetting of Emotion Characters

作　　者：刘素珍 杨广才[1,2] 赵华 吴梦麟 杨治良 

机构地区：[1]上海警备区八五医院 [2]华东师范大学心理系

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》1997年第2期98-100,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

摘　　要：目的：在概念加工水平上考察内隐情感记忆的特征及其遗忘规律。方法：用再认法测量外显记忆，用残字补全法测量内隐记忆。８３名被试分成七组分别在学习后即时、１９＇、６３＇、１天、２天、６天、３１天进行再认和补笔测验。结果：（１）测验距离学习时间越短，积极事件启动值保持量越大，时间越长，积极事件启动值保持量越少。消极事件启动值相对恒定，不受时间条件的影响。两者之间在学习后即时－２天差异显著。６天、３１天无差异；（２）外显情感记忆存在明显遗忘，两种意义的事件其保持量和遗忘率受时间条件影响，模式相似，无显著差异；（３）内隐和外显情感记忆出现实验性分离。结论：内隐情感记忆存在明显遗忘，其保持和遗忘规律不同于外显记忆，表明内隐和外显记忆属于两个独立的记忆系统。Objective: To investigate characteristics of implicit emotion memory especially in terms ofits nature of forgetting. Method: Eight-three normal subjects, divided into 7 groups, were tested on different intervals after learning of emotion characters (<1 min, 19 min, 63 min, 1 day, 2 day, 6 day, 31 day). The techniques of recognition and priming were used to assess explicit and implicit memory respectively. Results: (1) retention rate for positive characters was found to decrease with increasing delay intervals after learning, whereas retention rate for negative characters was relatively stable across different delay intervals; (2) positive characters were forgotten faster than negative characters; (3) explicit memory for positive and negative characters showed similar rates of retention and forgetting across time. Conclusion: There was clear evidence for experimental dissociation between implicit and explicit memory, reflecting two independent emotion memory systems, each following different laws o f retention and forgetting.

关 键 词：内隐记忆 外显记忆 情感 遗忘 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]