9种沉水植物的耐盐性比较  

Comparison on Salt Tolerance of Nine Submerged Macrophytes

作　　者：王卫红[1] 季民[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072 [2]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第4期1259-1263,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家863攻关课题"天津市滨海新区水环境质量改善技术与综合示范"(2003AA601030);中国博士后科学基金

摘　　要：采用河道底泥直接种植法和无底泥逐渐增加盐度水培法,通过测量沉水植物的相对生长率,比较了生长在天津滨海湿地中的9种沉水植物的耐盐性。结果表明,将植物直接种植在河道底泥中,只有川蔓藻(Ruppia maritima)和篦齿眼子菜(Potamogeton pectinatus)能够存活。使用逐渐增加盐度的水培养方法发现,不同植物耐盐性有较大差异,菹草(Potamogeton crispus)和线叶眼子菜(Potamogeton pusillus)能耐受的盐度在5.3g·L-1以下,金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum)在7.6g·L-1以下,狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)在10.1g·L-1以下,而川蔓藻和蓖齿眼子菜的耐盐性最高,达10.1g·L-1以上。9种植物耐盐性依次为:川蔓藻>篦齿眼子菜>狐尾藻>金鱼藻>菹草>线叶眼子菜>马来眼子菜(Potamogeton malainus)>黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)>苦草(Vallisneria asiatica)。这表明,川蔓藻和篦齿眼子可以作为滨海高含盐水体沉水植物重建的先锋植物。Salt tolerance of nine submerged macrophytes in coastal wetland of Tianjin was compared through measuring relative growth rate of the submerged macrophytes by river sediment culture and hydroponic culture. The results showed that only Ruppia maritima and Potamogeton pectinatus could survive when grown in river sediments. The nine macrophytes were different in salt tolerance under hydroponic conditions with various salinity of the reclaimed wastewater. Potamogeton crispus and Potamogeton pusillus tolerated salinity as high as 5.3 g·L^-1, while Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum tolerated salinity 7.6 g·L^-1 and 10.1 g·L^-1 The salt tolerance ofR. maritima and P. pectinatus were highest, being above 10.1 g· L^-1 Based on the salt tolerance, the nine plants followed the order： R. maritim〉P, pectinatus 〉 M. spicatum〉C, demersum〉P, crispus 〉P. pusillus 〉Potamogeton malainus 〉Hydrilla verticillata〉Vallisneria asiatica. The results indicated that R. maritima and P. pectinatus could be used as the pioneer plants to reconstruct submerged vegetation in the water body containing high salinity in coastal wetlands.

关 键 词：沉水植物 水培 耐盐性 相对生长速率 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]