大黄鱼对几种饲料蛋白原料消化率的研究  

APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY OF SELECTED PROTEIN INGREDIENTS FOR LARGER YELLOW CROAKER PSEUDOSCIAENA CROCEA

作　　者：李会涛[1] 麦康森[1] 艾庆辉[1] 张璐[1] 张春晓[1] 张文兵[1] 刘付志国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室,青岛266003

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2007年第3期370-376,共7页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家十五科技攻关项目(2001BA505B06;2004BA526B06);863计划(2004AA603610)资助

摘　　要：以白鱼粉为主要蛋白源制成参考饲料,以0.1%的Cr2O3为外源性指示剂,按参考饲料和实验原料70%∶30%的比例配制成实验饲料,测定了大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)对白鱼粉、红鱼粉、肉骨粉、豆粕、花生粕、菜籽粕和棉籽粕的表观消化率。实验大黄鱼(平均初始体重15.0±1.6g)养殖于海水浮式网箱(1.5m×1.5m×2.0m)中,分别以各实验饲料投喂实验鱼5周,然后采用挤压法收集粪便。实验结果表明各原料表观干物质消化率在43.6%至70.0%之间,能量消化率在42.9%到82.6%的范围内。实验原料的蛋白质表观消化率在70.7%到92.4%之间,其中白鱼粉和红鱼粉的蛋白消化率最高(分别为92.4%和89.3%),而棉籽粕则最低(70.7%)。脂肪的表观消化率在61.3%到90.5%之间,其中棉籽粕最低(61.3%)。磷的表观消化率相对较低,仅白鱼粉和红鱼粉在53.2%以上,其余皆低于37.5%。总之,大黄鱼对这几种原料的表观消化率存在较大差异,但蛋白消化率均较高,因此,可作为大黄鱼的饲料蛋白源在实际饲料配制中使用。Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, energy and phosphorous in white fish meal, brown fish meal, meat and bone meal, soybean meal, peanut meal, rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal were determined respectively for large yellow croaker. Apparent digestibility coefficients were determined by using a reference diet with O. 1% chromic oxide indicator and test diets that contained 70% reference diet, by weight, and 30% of the test feed ingredient being evaluated. The fish averaging 15.0± 1.6g were reared in floating sea cages. Feces samples were manually stripped from anesthetized fish to prevent contacting with water. Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter ranging from 43.6% to 70.0%, and the values for rapeseed and cottonseed meal were lower （50.6 % and 43.6 % ） than those for other tested feedstuffs. Apparent digestibility coefficients of energy reflected the differences in dry matter digestibility, the higher digestibility coefficients were observed for white fish meal and brown fish meal of 82.6% and 80.5 %, and lower digestibility coefficients were found in rapeseed meal （66.4%） and cottonseed meal （42.9%）. Apparent digestibility coefficients of crude protein ranged from 70.9% to 92.4% indicated that these feedstuffs could be efficiently utilized by large yellow croaker. Apparent digestibility coefficients of crude lipid were higher than 74.2% except for cottonseed meal （61.3%）. Apparent digestibility coefficients of phosphorous were low （from 9.3% for cottonseed meal to 62.3% for white fish meal） and showed significant differences among the feed ingredients. These data provide more precise informations concerning nutrient and energy utilization of large yellow croaker for these protein ingredients and will allow ingredient substitutions in practical feed based on the levels of fish nutrients.

关 键 词：大黄鱼 表观消化率 饲料原料 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]