青少年田径运动员个性人格因素特征的测定  

Examination of personality factor characteristics in teenager athletes

作　　者：刘彦秋 方环海[2] 

机构地区：[1]徐州职教中心,江苏省徐州市221006 [2]江苏省语言科学与神经认知工程重点实验室,江苏省徐州市221116

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第30期5945-5948,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(03BYY013)~~

摘　　要：目的:测定青少年田径运动员的人格因素特征,为田径运动员的选材、培养和使用提供必要的心理依据。方法:于2005-10/11从中国矿业大学、徐州师范大学、徐州市第三中学、徐州云龙山体校4所学校的田径运动员中随机抽取116名为调查对象。同时随机抽取同一年龄段的134名普通学生作为对照。采用卡氏十六种人格因素表、双重个性因素的推导公式、十六种人格因素测验应用公式进行调查。其中卡氏十六种人格因素表标准分为1～10分,<4.5分为低分,4.5～6.5分为中间分,>6.5分为高分。得分越高,其特征为乐群外向、聪慧、富有才识、情绪稳定、好强固执、轻松兴奋、有恒负责、冒险敢为、敏感、感情用事、怀疑刚愎、幻想、狂放不羁、精明能干、世故、忧虑抑郁、烦恼多端、自由、批评激进、自主、当机立断、知己知彼、自律谨严、紧张困扰。结果:发放问卷250份,回收有效问卷219份。其中田径运动员108名,男55名,女53名。普通高中生111名,男55名,女56名。①男田径运动员乐群性、有恒性、忧虑性、自律性、紧张性5项因素得分高于普通男生,差异有显著性(6.891±1.802,5.418±1.536;6.455±1.951,4.980±1.484;6.000±1.633,5.382±1.604;6.964±1.598,5.691±1.998;5.818±1.657,5.036±1.677,P<0.05～0.01)。②男田径运动员在怯懦与果断型一项因素得分低于普通男生,差异显著(5.004±1.418,5.880±1.327,P<0.01)。③男田径运动员在专业有成就者的个性因素、在新环境中有成长能力个性因素得分高于普通男生(61.100±6.705,54.945±9.296;24.001±3.093,21.273±4.030),男田径运动员在创造能力个性因素得分低于普通男生(4.709±1.729,5.655±1.828),差异均有显著性(P<0.01)。④女田径运动员与普通女生有恒性、敏感性、幻想性、实验性、自律性5项因素评分比较,差异显著(6.453±1.475,4.554±1.726;5.736±1.595,6.357±1.645;5.434±1.896,6.554±1.525;4AIM： To examine the characteristics of the teenager athletes＇ personality factor （PF）, and supply a kind of psychological basis which is necessary for the choosing, developing and using of athletes. METHODS： From China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou No.3 Middle School and Xuzhou Yunlongshan Palestra, 116 athletes were selected at random from October to November in 2005 as experiment group. And 134 normal students of same age segment were enrolled as control group. According to Cattell-16 PF scale （16 factors, the standard was 1-10 points, 〈 4.5 points was low, 4.5-6.5 points was middle, and 〉 6.5 points was high. The higher scores meant that the subjects were more extroversive, intellectual, emotionally stable, dominant, enthusiastic, persistent, adventurous, sensitive, vigilant, fantastic, sociable, nervous, practical, self-reliant, self-disciplinal and tensional）, the subjects＇ answers were reanalyzed with the deducing formula of dual personality factors and test formula of 16 PF. RESULTS： Totally 250 questionnaires were sent out, and 219 qualified were taken back, including 108 athletes （55 males and 53 females） and 111 normal controls （55 males and 56 female）.（1）The scores in five factors （extroversion, persistence, anxiety, self-discipline and tension） were significantly higher in male athletes than in normal bey students （6.891±1.802, 5.418±1.536; 6.455±1.951, 4.980±1.484; 6.000±1.633, 5.382±1.604; 6.964±1.598, 5.691±1.998; 5.818±1.657, 5.036±1.677, P 〈 0.05-0.01）. （2）But the score of coward and decision was high scored in normal boy students compared with that of male athletes, and there were significant differences between the two groups （5.004±1.418, 5.880±1.327, P 〈 0.01）. （3）The male athletes presented higher scores in PF of successful professionals and growth ability in new environment （61.100±6.705, 54.945±9.296; 24.001±3.093, 21.273±4.030）; but lower scores in PF of creative ability t

关 键 词：精神卫生 人格 个性 田径运动 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]