土壤初始含水量对黄土坡地水分运动与转化特征的影响  

Effect of Soil Antecedent Water Content on Soil Water Movement and Transport on Loess Slope Land

作　　者：张亚丽[1] 李怀恩[1] 张兴昌[2] 史淑娟[1] 王明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室

出　　处：《西安理工大学学报》2007年第2期144-148,共5页Journal of Xi'an University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(90610030);陕西省教育厅省级重点实验室重点科研计划基金资助项目(05JS35);西安理工大学优秀博士学位论文基金资助项目(106-210623)

摘　　要：通过室内模拟降雨试验,研究了水蚀条件下初始含水量分别为1.3%、5.7%、9.7%、14.2%和18.9%时黄土坡地水分的迁移特征。结果表明随着土壤初始含水量的增加,坡面产流开始时间提前,坡地平均径流系数和径流量呈线性增加趋势;坡面径流含沙量与土壤初始含水量呈抛物线关系,在9.7%含水量左右存在最小值;土壤初始含水量越高,坡地累计入渗量越小,雨水转化为土壤水分的比率越小。在土壤初始含水量较高的雨季,建议采取保护性耕作措施,增加雨水入渗率,减少水土流失量。According to the results of simulation rainfall experiments, the transport traits of soil water on loess slope lands with different soil antecedent water content, 1.3%, 5.7%, 9.7%, 14.2% and 18.9%, respectively, are investigated. It shows that the initiation runoff time climbs with an increase in soil antecedent water content. The mean coefficient of surface runoff presents a linearity relation with soil antecedent water content, while the mean sediment content of surface runoff shows a parabola relation with it, with the lest amount of 9.7% land. The more the soil antecedent water content is, the more the accumulative infiltration amount, and the less percent of runoff translating into soil are. To promote the rare rainfall infiltration and lessen the water and soil loss, protective farming measures are suggested in rainy season.

关 键 词：模拟降雨 黄土坡地 土壤初始含水量 水分迁移 影响 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S158.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]