对民事举证责任分配中自由裁量权的思考  

On Right of Free Measuring to Share Proof-offering Duty In Civil Cases

作　　者：邓艳香[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工程职业技术学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《湖南工业职业技术学院学报》2007年第2期78-79,共2页Journal of Hunan Industry Polytechnic

摘　　要：民事举证责任的分配是中外学者公认的难题,其核心是:在案件事实存否不明的情况下,应当由当事人的哪一方举证的问题。因为这实际上也就等于把承担不利的诉讼后果推给了应当举证的一方。我国深受大陆法系的影响,民事举证责任的分配是依据罗森贝格的法律要件说而确立的,此说建立在近代民法典的法律形式主义的基础之上,而随着我国市场经济体制的建立,越来越趋向于追求法律的实质公平正义。要实现法律实质上的公平正义,完全依靠现存法律规范来进行举证责任的分配是不可能的。现代大陆法系国家的法官在具体实践过程中也开始尝试自由裁量权的运用。在这方面我国完全可以借鉴。根据我国的实际情况也应该准许法官在举证责任分配上有一定的自由裁量权,但必须遵循一定的原则,受一定的限制。It is publicly considered a difficult problem to share the duty of offering proof in civil cases. Specifically, the problem is to decide which party to take the responsibility of providing proof when the facts are still not dear. That party is the one who undertake the bad effects of the civil lawsuits, Greatly influenced by the Mainland Law Branch, the principle on how to share the duty mentioned above is set up according to Rosenpeig law Essential Condition, based on formalism of recent Civil Law Book. As the establishment of market economical system, the principle is growing increasing fair. However, to achieve actual fair in law, it is impossible to depend completely on existing norm to distribute the duty. The court judge have began to try the way of free measuring in practice. China surely is capable of learning from it by putting it in Chinese situation. The methods, nevertheless, should be limited and following certain essential principles.

关 键 词：举证 责任 自由裁量 

分 类 号：D923.8[政治法律—民商法学]