水溶液的化学方法生长ZnO纳米棒的研究  

Synthesis ZnO Nanorods from Aqueous Solutions

作　　者：林传金[1] 王引书[2] 郑东[2] 

机构地区：[1]漳州师范学院物理与电子信息工程系,福建漳州363000 [2]北京师范大学物理系,北京100875

出　　处：《漳州师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2007年第2期67-71,共5页Journal of ZhangZhou Teachers College（Natural Science)

摘　　要：用直接共沉淀法从水溶液中直接合成了ZnO纳米棒,用X射线衍射谱(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了ZnO纳米棒的结构、形态.研究了金属离子和稳定剂浓度及相对比例、生长衬底和生长时间对纳米棒形态和尺寸的影响.用直接共沉淀法从水溶液中在玻璃衬底上生长的纳米ZnO基本都为棒状结构,在Si衬底上生长的纳米ZnO出现了棒状、十字架状和树枝状等多种形状,而在石英衬底上生长的纳米ZnO,出现对称性非常好的球形的ZnO.改变稳定剂HMT与醋酸锌的比例,发现ZnO的平均尺径主要和醋酸锌的浓度有关,随着醋酸锌浓度的降低,纳米棒的尺寸减小,相应的纳米棒的密度随之降低.在生长过程中,开始生长1～2分钟,衬底上只有一层形貌不明显的泥状ZnO,生长延长到10分钟后,出现垂直衬底生长的ZnO纳米棒,同时周围存在一层泥状物,1小时后的纳米棒与生长10分钟的没有发生改变,只是泥状物消失.ZnO nanorods were synthesized from aqueous solutions using HMT as complexing ligand. The structure, morphologies were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The influence of HMT concentration , zinc ion concentration, their ratio, deposition time and substrate on structure and morphology of ZnO nanorods were discussed. Deposition of ZnO films on glass substrate, ZnO exhibit rod shape, on Si exhibit rod or cross shape or branch shape, on quartz exhibit ball shape. Through changing the ratio of HMT and zinc concentration, the mean size of ZnO nanorod is mainly dependent on zinc concentration. When zinc concentration is reduced, both the mean size and distribution density of ZnO nanorods decrease; Under different reaction time, in 1-2 minutes there are only soil shape ZnO exist on substrate; As aging time was increased to 10 minutes, there exist ZnO nanorods with some soil shape ZnO around them; In contrast with nanords which have grown 10 minutes, there is no change happens in the nanords while the aging time increased to 1hour. But, the ZnO rods appear.

关 键 词：ZNO 纳米棒 结构 形貌 

分 类 号：O471.4[理学—半导体物理]