中国特种蔬菜——榨菜杂种优势利用新途径的研究  

Investigation of new approach of heterosis breeding to the special Chinese vegetable tsatsai (Brassica juncea Coss vartumida Tsen et Lee)

作　　者：陈竹君[1] 张明方[1] 汪炳良[1] 董伟敏[1] 黄素青[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农业大学园艺系

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》1997年第3期149-154,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

摘　　要：榨菜胞质雄性不育系（简称ＣＭＳ）群体中，发现有两种类型的雄蕊：无正常花药结构，整个雄蕊呈丝状或瓣状；有花药结构、花药瘦弱、花粉无生活力。雄性器官分别在两个时期败育：孢子体时期和配子体时期，雄性不育率和不育度均达到１００％。此外，雄性不育性世代稳定。ＣＭＳ植株中大约９０％具有正常雄蕊，人工授粉后平均每角果结籽１４６粒，超过其相应保持系１２粒；不育系中１０％的植株雌蕊部分不育；不育系在自然授粉情况下，ＣＭＳ单株种子产量可达７２ｇ，比保持系高１６６％。同时ＣＭＳ具有良好的经济性状，接近其保持系Ｔ８４－６６。Two types of stamen were observed in CMS of tuber mustard: stamen without anther structure and stamen with slim and degenerative anther Abortion of male-organs were at two stages: sporophytic and gametic abortion Both the rate and the degree of male-sterility for CMS line reached 100% In addition, its male-sterility was generationally stable Approximately 90 percent of CMS plants possessed normal pistil with average 146 seeds per silique after artificial pollination, which was 12 seeds per silique higher than that of maintainer line Whereas, 10 percent of CMS plants procreated female partial sterility Under natural pollination, seed yield per plant of CMS line amounted to 72g, 166 percent higher than that of maintainer line Moreover, CMS line was featured by superior economic characters, nearly equal to tuber mustard Tsatsai T84-66 It held great promising for its utilization in F1 seed production

关 键 词：榨菜 杂种优势 经济性状 开发利用 

分 类 号：S634.203.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]