长江中下游浅水湖泊沉积物磷释放动力学  

Phosphate release kinetics characteristics of the sediments from shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze Rive

作　　者：金丹越[1,2] 王圣瑞[1] 步青云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境创新基地//国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室 [2]天津航道勘察设计研究院,天津300042

出　　处：《生态环境》2007年第3期725-729,共5页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB412304)

摘　　要：在室内模拟条件下,通过沉积物磷释放动力学实验,研究了长江中下游浅水湖泊13个沉积物的磷释放动力学特征,并分析了沉积物组成特征对磷释放动力学的影响,结果表明:(1)指数动力学模型可以很好地拟合长江中下游浅水湖泊沉积物磷释放动力学特征,前20h为快反应,磷释放速度较大,随后进入慢反应,逐渐达到最大释放量;(2)沉积物磷释放动力学特征与其组成有关,其中与总氮、总磷和有机质含量呈显著正相关,与沙粒含量呈显著负相关,而与粘粒含量没有达到显著水平,与Olsen-P(0.5mol·L-1NaHCO3,pH8.5提取的磷)和易解吸态磷(RDP)含量达极显著正相关水平;(3)可以根据总磷和有效磷含量来比较和预测湖泊沉积物磷释放动力学特征,且根据有效磷含量可以得到比根据总磷含量更可靠的结果。研究成果可为系统揭示浅水湖泊富营养化发生机制提供依据。Phosphate release kinetics characteristics of the 13 sediment samples froln shallow lakes in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze Rive were determined in laboratory simulating condition through the release kinetic experiments, and the relationship between the sediment composition and its phosphate release characteristics was also investigated. The results indicate that： （1） the index kinetics model （Inq=b＋klnt） can be used to fit the phosphate release kinetics characteristics of the studied sediments, the process of phosphate release froln the studied sediments mainly occurs within 0 - 20 h, and then the amount of released phosphate attends to a dynamic equilibrium gradually; （2） the parameters of the phosphate release kinetics of the studied sediments were related to their composition, there is significant positive correlation with the content of total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP） and organic matter （OM）, there is remarkable positive correlation with the contents of Olsen-P （ extracted by 0.5 mol·L^-1 NaHCO3, pH 8.5） and reactive dissolve phosphorus （RDP）, the relationship with the content of sand size fraction is significant negative, and the relationship with the content of clay size fraction is not significant; （3） the characteristics of phosphate release kinetics of lake sediment can be compared and forecasted according to their contents of TP, Olsen-P and RDP, the results according to the their contents of Olsen-P and RDP is more reliable than that according to their TP contents. The results of this investigation can provide the evidences to illuminate the shallow lake eutrophic rneehanisms systemically.

关 键 词：沉积物 磷 释放动力学 沉积物组成 长江中下游浅水湖泊 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]