锰超积累植物——水蓼  

A new manganese-hyperaccumulator: Polygonum hydropiper L

作　　者：王华[1] 唐树梅[1] 廖香俊[2] 曹启民[3] 杨安富[1] 王汀忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南热带农业大学农学院,海南儋州571737 [2]海南省地质勘查局,海南海口570100 [3]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《生态环境》2007年第3期830-834,共5页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家科技部科技基础性工作和社会公益研究专项(2004DIB3J073);海南省重点学科经费资助

摘　　要：超积累植物筛选是重金属污染土壤植物修复的基础和核心问题,同时也是重金属污染环境植物修复的难点及前沿。本文通过野外调查与营养液模拟试验相结合的方法,初次发现并证实水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper L)是一种锰超积累植物。野外调查结果表明,生长在土壤锰含量为2000mg·kg-1的水蓼,叶部锰的富集量可达3675.89mg·kg-1,且转移系数为1.37。营养液模拟培养试验证实,当营养液中锰的浓度为5000μmol·L-1时,水蓼植株生长正常,但叶中锰含量超过了10000mg·kg-1,达到了锰超积累植物应达到的临界含量标准,水蓼地上部富集系数高达19.41(大于1),转移系数为1.05(也大于1)。当营养液中锰的浓度为15000μmol·L-1时,水蓼叶、根和茎三部分的锰含量均达到最大值,分别为24447.17mg·kg-1、11574.47mg·kg-1和10343.52mg·kg-1。这一发现为锰污染土壤和水体的植物修复提供了一种新的可能的种质资源。It is main groundwork and the first step of phytoextraction of its commercial application on a large scale to screen out a series of ideal hyperaccumulators that can effectively remedy contaminated soil by heavy metals,which is also difficult point and front field of contaminated environment phytoremediation. Polygonurn hydropiper L., potential new manganese （Mn）-hyperaccumulator, was firstly found and testified both in field survey and simulated experiment in lab. The results showed that the content of Mn was 2 000 mg·kg^-1 in the mining area soil, the maximum Mn concentration in the leaves of Polygonum hydropiper L. could reach as high as 3 675.89 mg·kg^-1 and the transport coefficient of Mn was 1.37. The further aquicultural experiment indio cated that the Mn concentration in the leaves of Polygonum hydropiper L. exceeded 10000 mg·kg^-1, which was a critical content standard ofMn Hyperaccumulator, when the Mn concentration was 5 000μmol·L^-1 in solution. The accumulation coefficient of Mn in shoots was higher than 19.41, and its transport coefficient reached 1.05. At the same time, the growth of Polygonum hydropiper L. did not appear to abnormity comparing with control. The maximum Mn concentrations in the leaves, roots and stems of Polygonurn hydropiper L. were 24447.17 mg·kg^-1, 11574.47 mg·kg^-1 and 10343.52 mg·kg^-1, respectively, when the Mn concentration was 15 000 μmol·L^-1 in solution. Therefore this species may provide a potential new plant to for use in the phytoremediation of mangao nese-contaminated soils and water.

关 键 词：锰 水蓼 超积累植物 植物修复 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]