铁锌互作对苹果锌、铁吸收分配的影响  

Effects of Regulation of Zinc and Iron Uptake and Distribution in Apple Trees Under Zinc and Iron Interaction

作　　者：王衍安[1] 董佃朋[1] 李坤[1] 李新会[1] 刘娣[2] 李德全[1] 束怀瑞[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学生命科学学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2007年第7期1469-1478,共10页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础发展规划资助项目(G1999011700);作物生物学国家重点实验室资助项目(200505)

摘　　要：【目的】分析锌在苹果营养器官之间的分配特性以及锌铁交互关系,解释锌铁吸收和分配机制,指导合理施用锌铁肥料。【方法】测定了盛果期‘红富’士苹果缺锌小叶病树和正常树夏季不同器官的锌铁浓度;以‘平邑甜茶’(Malus Hupehensis Rehd)为试材,采用正交设计方案、通过溶液培养法培养幼苗,分析不同锌铁供应水平下营养器官的锌铁分配特性及其锌铁交互作用关系。【结果】夏季,缺锌小叶病树各器官锌浓度低于正常树,铁浓度高于正常树。水培试验中,锌铁供应水平提高,‘平邑甜茶’幼苗各器官锌铁累积均显著升高,其变化幅度依次是根>茎>叶;锌铁交互对根、茎、叶锌、铁浓度影响的显著性逐渐降低,缺锌时各器官转运系数均高于1.00;在中、低锌水平下,根部锌、铁呈正相关,与大田结果一致,高锌处理则呈负相关;叶锌、铁均呈负相关。高铁水平下,根中锌铁正相关达极显著水平。【结论】在苹果树中,根系是锌的调节库,并在一定程度上调节树体的锌铁平衡;锌促进了铁在根系的累积,高铁对缓解锌的毒害起到一定的平衡作用;锌与铁在叶中相互抑制。[ Objective ]In order to explain the uptake and distribution mechanism of zinc and iron in apple trees for directing zinc and iron fertilizer use properly, the distribution characteristic and interaction relation of zinc and iron in nutrition organs of apple trees was studied. [Method] Zinc and iron concentrations of organs from the diseased trees （lack zinc） and the normal trees in fruition stage were determined. Distribution characteristic of zinc and iron in organs of apple stock--Malus hupehensis Rehd under zinc and iron interaction was analyzed, with solution culture and orthogonal design. [Result] Zinc concentration in nutrition organs of the diseased trees was lower than the normal trees, while iron concentration was higher than the normal trees. At solution culture research, the zinc and iron concentrations in the organs significantly increased upon increase at zinc and iron supply; The size order of range for zinc and iron change was roots〉stems〉leaves. The effects of zinc and iron concentrations in roots, stems and leaves reduced little by little in zinc and iron interaction. Organs transfer coefficients are all higher than 1.00 at zinc deficiency supply. At moderation or deficiency zinc, zinc and iron concentrations were positive correlation in roots, the consistent result was determined in field; at excess zinc, zinc and iron concentrations was negative correlation in roots. In leaves, zinc and iron concentrations were all negative correlation. At excess zinc, zinc and iron concentrations were significantly positive correlation in roots. [Conclusion] For apple tree, the roots were zinc regulation storeroom, and regulated zinc and iron homeostasis at a certain extent; zinc advance iron accumulation in roots. Excess iron may play a role to postpone zinc toxicity. In leaves, zinc and iron interactively restrained.

关 键 词：苹果 平邑甜茶(Malus hupehensisRehd) 锌 铁 分配 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]