不同品种与耕作方式及补充灌溉等农艺技术组合对春小麦产量的影响(英文)  

Integration of Varieties,Tillage and Supplemental Irrigation for Rain-fed Spring Wheat Farming to Maximize the Utilization of Low Rainfall

作　　者：肖国举[1] 张强[1] 张峰举[2] 孙兆军[2] 姚玉壁[1] 郑惇[2] 马琨[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2007年第4期19-28,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：中国气象兰州干旱气象研究所"干旱气象科学基金"项目;科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J100)资助

摘　　要：通过6 a的试验,分别研究了在一般干旱年份(年降雨量超过360 mm)和较严重干旱年份(降雨量低于360 mm),小麦品种(79121-15与定西24)、耕作方式(垄作与平作)及补充灌溉等农艺技术组合对产量的影响。在一般干旱年份,79121-15的产量比定西24的高,并且它们的产量在垄作种植下比平作种植下有显著提高。在严重干旱年份,定西24的产量比79121-15高。无论在一般干旱年份还是严重干旱年份,补充灌溉能够显著提高小麦产量。通过不同品种与耕种方式,以及补充灌溉等农艺技术的组合,可以显著提高小麦产量。在一般干旱年份,组合品种、垄作和补充灌溉等技术措施,79121-15对产量的贡献率与定西24的相比较被提高了7.3%～9.9%。垄作较平作对产量的贡献率提高了9.3%～13.3%。补充灌溉对产量贡献率提高了17.7%～30.0%。但是,在严重干旱年份,组合品种、垄作和补充灌溉的情况下,补充灌溉提高小麦产量25.1%～35.5%,垄作和品种可适度提高小麦产量。A 6-year field experiment was conducted at Haiyuan Ningxia of China during 1998 to 2003 to identify effects of varieties,tillage and supplemental irrigation on grain yield and water use in spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L） in a dry year and a seriously dry year. The experimental results showed ridge-tillage and supplemental irrigation could improve the yields of Dingxi 24 and 79121-15 in both a dry year and a seriously dry year. Furthermore, the higher yield could be a- chieved only through further integration of varieties, tillage and supplemental irrigation. In a dry year, if integrated with varieties, tillage and supplemental irrigation, the contribution of 79121-15 to yield would be improved by 7.3 %-9.9 %, compared with that of Dingxi 24. Ridge-tillage would be a better contribution than flat planting with an increase of 9.3%-13.3%. In comparison without supplemental irrigation, the contribution of supplemental irrigation to the yield was im- proved by 17.7%-30.0%. But, in a seriously dry year, supplemental irrigation would play a very important role in the improvement of rain-fed spring wheat yield, and the integration of ridge-tillage and varieties may improve wheat yield.

关 键 词：技术组合 春小麦 垄作 补充灌溉 品种 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]