留名心理驱动下的汉晋树碑之风与史传写作  

Social Ethos to Erect Tablets and State Morals and to Write Biographies in Later Ages from Han to Jin Dynasties

作　　者：李小树[1] 邹绍荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史系

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2007年第4期128-133,共6页Journal of Renmin University of China

摘　　要：在古代中国,与政治上的需要相比较,普遍存在的留名后世以图不朽的心理需求,是对史学发展更具“普遍意义”的推动力,这种心理需求自东汉起表现得日趋强烈。在这种心理的驱动之下,立碑述德渐成风气,史传写作也日趋增多。三国时期,虽曹魏政权一度有过禁碑之令,但树碑镌铭之风没有丝毫减退。两晋十六国时期,“书名竹帛”成为很多人的追求,“好名”心态仍然十分普遍。南北朝时期,留名后世的愿望表现得更为强烈,但把史传的记述作为留名后世的一种依托,较之镌石勒铭更为普遍,这对史著的撰写和史学的发展产生了十分重要的影响。In ancient China, compared with the need of politics, it was the commonly existed mental need of leaving good reputation for permanence that had universal significance to push the historiography＇s development. The need was more and more intensely from the Dynasty of Dong Han. Driven by the mental need, it became a social ethos to erect tablets and state morals, and to write bi- ographies. During the Three States Period, there was once the ban to forbid erecting tablets, but it didn＇t make the ethos weak. During the Dynasties of Jin and Sixteen States, the psychology of seeking good reputation was still very common. During the Dynasties of Northern and Southern States, it was more intense. It was far more universal to take the documentaries of biography as the means to leave good reputation in the later ages, which brought a great effect on historical works and development of historiography.

关 键 词：留名后世 心理需求 树碑之风 汉晋史学 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]