我国跳水优秀运动员竞技能力结构模型和选材指标体系研究  

Research on the Diving Athletics Capacity Model and the Index System of Athlete's Selection in China

作　　者：王荣辉[1] 张一民[1] 任弘[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《体育科学》2007年第7期30-40,50,共12页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家科技部奥运攻关课题"奥运优秀运动员科学选材研究"(2001BA904B01)的子课题

摘　　要：通过对我国包括国家集训队运动员在内的182名一线跳水运动员竞技能力指标实测结果的分析,明确了我国优秀跳水运动员竞技能力结构模型,建立了跳水优秀运动员选材(高级选材)的指标体系,其中包括体能类指标:小腿长A/下肢长B×100、原地纵跳/身高×100(男)、20次仰卧举腿计时、30 s十字变向跳;技术类指标:自选动作难度之和、自选动作平均得分;心理类指标:赛前情绪总分(男)、成就动机总分、注意力总分、意志品质总分(男)、智力分。并提出将眼底检查结果作为资格指标,将动态平衡得分、第2周下降高度作为辅选指标,确定了跳水优秀运动员选材评价标准。Based on the result of the measurement and analysis of the athletics capacity of 182 diving athletes including elite athletes in China diving national team, this paper pointed out diving athletics capacity model and index system of athlete＇s identification for elite diving athletes. The index system includes the fitness indexes：the length A/the lower limbs length B × 100,standing vertical jump/height × 100（male）, 20 times of sit-up, 30min cross turning jump. The skill indexes include sum of degree-of-difficulty of optional dive, average value of award of optional dive. The psychological indexes include the scores of emotion pre-competition （male）, scores of success motivation, scores of attention, scores of will （male）, scores of intelligence. The eyeground check is regarded as qualification indexes, the dynamic balance and the dropping height at second somersault are regarded as the accessorial indexes. The evaluation standard for athlete＇s selection had also been founded. These findings will provide the reference for the athlete＇s identification and training.

关 键 词：跳水 优秀运动员 竞技能力 结构模型 选材 指标 中国 

分 类 号：G861.2[文化科学—体育训练]