被动式液压冲击波形发生器动态特性的数学建模与仿真  

MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND SIMULATION OF DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF A PASSIVE HYDRAULIC SHOCK PULSE GENERATOR

作　　者：王贡献[1] 褚德英[1] 沈荣瀛[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学振动冲击噪声国家重点实验室

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2007年第7期63-68,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

摘　　要：基于液压节流耗能原理,提出一种被动式液压波形发生器,其设计思想是采用缝隙和小孔节流产生的阻尼来吸收消耗高速运动负载的动能,并对其紧急制动以获得设定的加速度波形;缸体上开设的可调节流孔能方便地实现对缓冲过程阻尼力的调节。通过对波形发生器内部流体动态特性的分析,建立了波形器工作机理的数学模型,其数值仿真结果表明波形发生器具有以下特点:①缓冲制动效果好;②加速度波形调节简单;③适用于动量变化大、无法用主动方式控制冲击波形的场合,尤其适合作为模拟水下爆炸环冲击境的双波冲击试验机加速度负波的产生装置。Based on concept of hydraulic damper energy dissipation,a passive hydraulic force pulse generator(HFPG)is presented.The design comprises a conical poppet valve inside a cylindrical hole without any seal.By virtue of aperture and orifice throttling,HFPG dissipates the kinetic energy of a rapidly moving object and cushions it to a halt to produce desired acceleration pulse.Prompt and easy adjustment can be achieved to the damping force by changing the size of the orifice set on the cylinder.A mathematical model of the cushion process is developed by use of analyzing the internal fluid dynamic phenomenon of HFPG.And numerical simulation results of the model exhibit the following features of HFPG:high-efficiency of energy dissipation,easy-regulation of acceleration waveform,being suitable for cases of large momentum change and especially for it to be used as the negative pulse generator of dual-wave shock testing machines which can simulate the shock environment of underwater explosion.

关 键 词：脉冲发生器 冲击试验机 液压缓冲器 水下爆炸 

分 类 号：O351.2[理学—流体力学] TH113.2[理学—力学]