济南泉域岩溶水质演变及其对人类活动的响应  

The Variations of Groundwater Quality and Its Relationship with Human Activity

作　　者：路洪海[1] 章程[2] 

机构地区：[1]聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城252059 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,桂林541004

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2007年第6期242-244,249,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(90202016)

摘　　要：地下水是岩溶地区水资源的重要赋存形式,也是岩溶地区经济发展的重要支撑点。由于岩溶含水层的本质脆弱性,岩溶水资源在人类活动胁迫下极易蜕变。以20世纪50年代末的地下水化学状况为背景值,结合近20年的水质监测资料,分析了济南泉域岩溶水质演化与人类活动的关系。结果显示：近20年来,地下水质总体呈恶化趋势,水质的区域性、阶段性变化与人类活动强度密切相关,东郊岩溶水质最差,且无污染物增长幅度明显高于市区和西郊。伴随土地利用方式的改变和人类活动强度的空间变化,地下水质从间接补给区、直接补给区到泉水排泄区,单项污染指数和综合污染指数依次升高;具有典型代表性的泉域东部大辛河流域,从上游、中游到下游,地下水污染物的浓度也渐次升高,且愈往下游污染物浓度增幅愈大,显示出与土地利用方式和人类活动的密切相关性。因此优化调整土地利用结构,减少人类活动对下水的污染,对岩溶水资源的可持续利用和济南“泉城”景观的保护有重要意义。The groundwater is the main water resources in karst areas. It is also one of the most important basic aspects in supporting the social economic development. The groundwater quality is affected by human activity to a large extent due to its intrinsic vulnerability. Based on more than 20 years＇ hydrochemical data, taking Jinan spring basin as an example, the variations of groundwater chemistry and its relationship with human activity are analyzed. The results show that the groundwater has been deteriorating during the past 20 years. The groundwater quality varies not only in different areas but also in different time under the pressure of human activity. The groundwater quality in the east suburb is worse than that of the west and the centre and is deteriorating more rapidly. With the land use change and the enhancement of human activity, the groundwater pollution index rises from the indirect recharge area via the direct recharge area to the discharge area. The same variation happens from upper reaches to lower reaches in Daxin river basin, a typical karst area in the east of Jinan spring basin where the patterns of land use and human activity changes apparently. There is a close relationship between the groundwater and land use change and human activity. Therefore it is necessary to rearrange the patterns of land use and prevent the groundwater from polluting caused by unreasonable human activity in order to realize the sustainable utilization of karst water resources and to protect the famous spring-scape in Jinan.

关 键 词：水质演变 岩溶含水层 济南泉域 

分 类 号：P641.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]