互花米草引种对苏北潮滩湿地TOC、TN和TP分布的影响  

The influence after introduction of Spartina alterniflora on the distribution of TOC,TN and TP in the national Yancheng rare birds nature reserve,Jiangsu Province,China

作　　者：高建华[1] 杨桂山[2] 欧维新[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,南京210093 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008 [3]南京农业大学国际资源与环境经济研究中心,南京210095

出　　处：《地理研究》2007年第4期799-808,共10页Geographical Research

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2005165);国家自然科学基金项目(4050602240576040)

摘　　要：分析了TOC、TN和TP在苏北潮滩湿地不同生态带沉积物和植被中的分布状况,结果表明:TOC和TN的水平和垂向平均含量以互花米草滩为最高,其次分别为盐蒿滩、芦苇滩和光滩。TP的平均含量以光滩为最高,依次由海向陆逐渐减小。在生物量最大期间(秋季),单位面积上互花米草体内TOC、TN和TP的累积量远大于盐蒿和芦苇。互花米草主要通过以下4个方面对研究区潮滩湿地TOC、TN和TP的分布产生影响:(1)互花米草滩面较高的沉积速率;(2)互花米草对整个潮滩湿地不同植被分布格局的改变;(3)互花米草有着高生产力以及巨大的地下生物量;(4)互花米草的生长特性使其在生长过程中对磷的需求量很大。The influence, after introduction of Spartina alterniflora ,on the distribution of TOC, TN and TP in tidal salt marshes in north Jiangsu Province,is analyzed. The result indicates that, the unit area accumulation of TOC, TN and TP within the depths of 0- 20cm, as well as average horizontal and vertical contents of TOC and TN, in Spartina alterniflora marshes, are higher than those in other ecological zones, and decrease from Spartina alterni flora marshes to Artemisia schrenkiana marshes, Phragmiues auszradis marshes and silty marshes. While the highest average horizontal and vertical content of TP occurs in silty marshes, and the average content increases from land to sea. In autumn, the unit area accumulation content of TOC of Spartina alterniflora is 14.1 and 1.9 times that of Artemisia schrenkiana and Phragmiues auszradis, respectively. Similarly, the unit area accumulation content of TN of Spartina alterniflora is 32 and 1.6 times that of Artemisia schrenkiana and Phragmiues auszradis. The unit area accumulation of TP of Spartina alterniflora is also larger than that of Artemisia schrenkiana and Phragmiues auszradis, its content is respectively 56 and 3.9 times that of Artemisia schrenkiana and Phragmiues auszradis. The influences, after introduction of Spartina alterniflora, on the distribution of TOC, TN and TP in tidal salt marshes are： （1） The accumulating rate of Spartina alterniflora is high, which benefits the preservation of nutrient matter, and the increase of accumulation contents of TOC, TN and TP in the whole tidal salt marshes; （2） changes of plants distribution pattern in tidal salt marshes induced by Spartina alterniflora, accordingly heighten the accumulations of TOC, TN and TP in the whole ecosystem; （3）the high production and enormous belowground biomass of Spartina alterniflora, influence not only TOC, TN and TP cycling in the inner ecosystem, and the exchange between the adjoining ecosystem, but also accumulations of such three matters in the whole tidal salt marshes;a

关 键 词：互花米草 有机碳 总氮 总磷 累积 潮滩湿地 江苏 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]