西南季风对中国自然环境影响的区域变化研究  

A STUDY ON REGIONAL CHANGE OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF CHINA INFLUENCED BY SOUTHWEST MONSOON

作　　者：明庆忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,云南昆明650092

出　　处：《云南地理环境研究》2007年第4期93-97,共5页Yunnan Geographic Environment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40462002;40161002);国家973项目子项目(2003CB1405-10);云南省自然科学基金重点项目(2004D0005Z);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(207102)

摘　　要：西南季风作为亚洲季风重要组成部分,对中国自然环境也有较大影响。西南季风建立以后,因青藏高原高度不足以阻止西南季风这一深厚的大气环流系统,加之西南季风厚度随着山地尤其是横断山脉的上升而不断增厚、增强,南支西风急流的气旋性质对西南季风深入有引导作用,西南季风较东南季风活动性强,影响区域范围大,影响到太行山以西中国大部分地区。中更新世时,青藏高原隆升至海拔平均约3 000 m的高度,同时期也出现了第四纪最大冰期与最大温暖期,高原热力和动力作用得到了进一步加强,西南季风厚度加大,西南季风对中国自然地理环境深化起到重要作用。晚更新世以来青藏高原隆升至现今的平均约4 500～5 000 m的高度,特别是喜马拉雅山脉的隆起,足以阻挡大部分西南季风进入西藏高原和中国内陆地区,西南季风影响范围退缩到长江上游以南的西南地区局部和青藏高原东部地区。As an important part of Asian monsoon, southwest monsoon has much influence on natural environment of China. Since southwest monsoon developed, the height of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was too low to prevent it. Moreover, the thickness of southwest monsoon keeps becoming thicker and stronger along with the mountain area, especially the rise of Hengduan Mountain. Meanwhile, The cyclone feature of south branch of the westerly play a leading role in the development of southwest monsoon. Southwest monsoon is more active and wider than southeast monsoon; it can influence the most areas in the west of Mt. Taihang. During Middle-Pleistocene, the height of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau uplift to 3 000 mal appeared. The effect of dynamic an m high. At the same time, Quaternary maximum glaciations and hypsitherd thermodynamic of plateau strengthened further and the southwest monsoon became thicker. Southwest monsoon plays an important role in natural environment of China. Since Late Pleistocene, the average malaya Mountain is altitude of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau has rise to 4 500-5 000 m nowadays and uplift of Hiable to prevent southwest monsoon from advancing into Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and continental district. The area controlled by southwest monsoon has shrunk to the southwest of Yangtze River upper reach and southeast of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.

关 键 词：西南季风 中国自然环境变化 区域变化 

分 类 号：X14[环境科学与工程—环境科学]