河西戈壁地区不同天气背景下微气象状况的初步分析  

A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF MICROMETEOROLOGICAL CHARACTERS UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF METEOROLOGY

作　　者：张强[1,2,3] 赵鸣[1,2,3] 刘志权 胡隐樵[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州高原大气物理研究所 [2]南京大学大气科学系 [3]国家卫星气象中心

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》1997年第1期112-121,共10页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：对黑河计划ＩＯＰ期间在化音戈壁站观测的湍流脉动场资料及有关梯度资料进行了分析，得到了湍流脉动强度、湍流感热、潜热通量和温、湿梯度的若干特征。无量纲脉动强度的变化趋势与经典关系基本一致，但在量上稍有差异；一般的晴天情况下，感热大于潜热，湿度场以逆湿为主；不过感热和潜热的比例关系和湿度梯度均随天气状况而变；在每一个降水过程中湍流通量特征可以分为四个阶段，各个阶段的感热和潜热均有较大差异；降水发生过后。In this paper, we have analysed the data of the turbulence and gradient of tempera ture and humidity, which were observed at Huayin Station in Gobi area during IOP -2、3、4 periods of HEIFE Project, to obtain some characteristics of turbulence intensities. The tendency of the nondimensional turbulence intensities is mainly in agreement with the results obtained over other underlying surfaces, but there is some qualitative difference between them. And using the data of turbulent fluxes observed at Huayin Station in Gobi area during IOP-2 period of HEIFE Project, we have studied the difference between the characteristics of the eddy sensible heat fluxes,the eddy latent heat fluxes and the gradients of temperature and humidity on a fine day, during the period from August 10 to 17, 1991 when there was influence of rainfall on micrometeorology. In a generally fine day, the sensible heat fluxes are much larger than the latent heat fluxes, and the main characteristics of the humidity fields belong with the inverse humidity. But both the ratio of sensible heat flux to latent heat flux, and the gradient of potential temperature and humidity change with the different conditions of weather. During the rainfall process, the characteristics of turbulent flux can be divided into four periods, and there are different values of the sensible and latent heat fluxes during four different periods. During the first period, when it is raining, the raindrops weaken the solar radiation flux arriving at surface to very samall value, so both the sensible heat flux and the latent heat flux become a little. During the second period, that is the first day after the rainfall, the latent heat flux increases sharply but the sensible heat flux increses slowly, becuause the solar radiant flux arriving at surface has reaturned to normal value of a fine day and the surface soil is still damp. During the third period, that is the second day and the third day after the rainfall, the sesible heat flux still increases but the latent heat flux decreas

关 键 词：湍流通量 陆气相互作用 潜热通量 微气象 

分 类 号：P463.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]