序批式生物反应器填埋场的脱氮特性  

Nitrogen Removal in Sequencing Batch Bioreactor Landfills

作　　者：霍守亮[1] 席北斗[2] 樊石磊[3] 魏自民[2] 刘学建 刘鸿亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100022 [4]北京市阿苏卫垃圾卫生填埋场,北京102211

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2007年第4期106-110,共5页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2005CB724203)

摘　　要：采用3个填埋柱模拟序批式生物反应器填埋场：1号柱装填新鲜垃圾,为对照柱,渗滤液简单回灌;2号和3号柱分别装填新鲜垃圾和腐熟垃圾,渗滤液交叉回灌.探讨了序批式生物反应器填埋场的氨氮去除率、反硝化能力以及厌氧氨氧化能力.结果表明：1号柱渗滤液的氨氮质量浓度在40 d内升高并趋于稳定;3号柱的氨氮去除率随时间的延续逐渐降低,从垃圾装填开始的100%降到90 d后的0,2号柱氨氮的累积去除率为40%左右.试验进行90 d后,分别将一定质量浓度的硝酸盐溶液添加到3个填埋柱内,结果表明,所使用的硝酸盐氮在2 d内几乎全部被去除,证明3个填埋柱都具有很强的反硝化能力.3号柱在添加硝酸盐过程中硫酸根质量浓度升高,表明发生了自养反硝化反应.通过向填埋柱添加亚硝酸盐发现,3号柱有一定的厌氧氨氧化能力,氨氮质量浓度下降10%~32%.Three simulated landfill bioreactors were established. Column 1 was a comparison one filled with fresh wastes, and the leachate was simply recirculated; Column 2 and Column 3 were filled with fresh wastes and stabilized wastes, respectively, and the sequencing bioreactors between the stabilized waste and the fresh waste recirculated the leachate reciprocally. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, denitrification ability and anammox ability were investigated in three bioreactors. Results showed that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in Column 1 increased gradually and approached invariableness after 40 days. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen decreased gradually from 100% to nearly 0 after three months in Column 3, and cumulated removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 40% for leachate of Column 2. Nitrate was added to three bioreactors after three months during solid waste biodegradation, and all of that were removed in two days, which indicated the strong denitrification ability in the three bioreactors, Sulfate concentration increased during nitrate adding process and suggesting a portion of nitrate removal attributed by autotrophic denitrification. During adding nitrite to bioreactor landfill column, anammox process was found in Column 3, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen decreased 10%～ 32% .

关 键 词：生物反应器填埋场 反硝化能力 厌氧氨氧化 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]