云南元谋干热河谷不同生境地表蚂蚁多样性  

Diversity of ants on the ground in different habitats in Yuanmou arid-hot valley,Yunnan

作　　者：李巧[1] 陈又清[2] 郭萧[1] 段艳[1] 陈彦林[1] 徐正会[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林学院保护生物学学院 [2]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《福建林学院学报》2007年第3期272-277,共6页Journal of Fujian College of Forestry

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2004BA606A-07);国家科技部公益性课题(2000DIB50164)

摘　　要：研究了云南元谋干热河谷明油子-扭黄茅灌草丛(Ⅰ)、牛筋条-黄荆林(Ⅱ)、余甘子-明油子灌木林(Ⅲ)、新银合欢+桉树混交林(Ⅳ)、桉树林(Ⅴ)、新银合欢林(Ⅵ)、多树种混交林(Ⅶ)、印楝林(Ⅷ)、云南松林(Ⅸ)等9种不同生境地表蚂蚁群落的多样性。采集标本29 730头,隶属于5亚科20属46种。各试验地地表蚂蚁群落个体数量46-12 091,物种丰富度4-29,优势度水平0.191-0.778,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数0.597-2.250,均匀度指数0.181-0.791,Jaccard相似性系数0.033-0.697。9种生境地表蚂蚁群落多样性排序为Ⅰ>Ⅲ>Ⅷ>Ⅶ>Ⅸ>Ⅴ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅵ。通过聚类分析,9种生境地表蚂蚁群落可分为干热性群落、喜热性群落、偏湿性群落及湿性群落。自然植被类型的蚂蚁群落均以臭蚁亚科占优势。人工植被中的云南松林大头蚁占优势,生态恢复状况良好;其余人工植被的恢复状况尚无法评价。Diversities of ant communities on the ground in Dodonaea angustifolia-Heteropogonetea contortus scrub and grass clump （ Ⅰ ）, Dichotomanthus tristaniaecarpa-Vitex negundo forest （ Ⅱ ）, Phyllanthus emblica-Dodonaea angustifolia shrublands （ Ⅲ ）, Leucaena leucocephala ＋ Eucalypuss plantation （ IV ）, Eucalyptus plantation （ V ）, Leucaena leucocephala plantation （ VI ）, mixed plantation by many species （Ⅶ）, Azadirachta indica plantation （ Ⅷ ）, and Pinus yunnanensis plantation （ Ⅸ ） in Yuamnou arid- hot valley were studied. 29 730 individuals were captured which belong to 46 species, 20 genera, and 5 subfamilies. In the 9 habi- tats, the individuals of ant communities on the ground.was 46-12 091, the species richness was 4-29, the Simpson index was 0. 191-0. 778, the Shannon-Wiener index was 0. 597-2. 250, the Pielou index was 0. 181-0. 791, and the Jaccard coefficients （q） of ant communities on the ground were 0. 033 - 0. 697. The order of species diversity was Ⅰ 〉 Ⅲ 〉Ⅷ 〉Ⅶ 〉 Ⅸ 〉Ⅴ 〉Ⅱ 〉 Ⅳ 〉 vI. In the 9 habitats, ant communities were divided into arid-hot ones, the mophilic ones, subhumid ones and humid ones. Dolichoderinae was predominant in the 3 natural vegetations. The genus Phe/do/e was predominant in the Pinus yunnanensis planta- tion, indicating the vegetation was well restored. The restoration condition in other plantations cannot be estimated.

关 键 词：生物多样性 蚂蚁群落 优势种 生态恢复 干热河谷 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]