水稻穗上发芽生理生化及颖壳扫描电镜观察  

Study on the Physiological Biochemistry of Pre-harvest Sprouting and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Glume in Rice

作　　者：蔡建秀[1] 陈伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]泉州师范学院化生学院,福建泉州362000 [2]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2007年第8期207-211,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：福建省科技重点项目"杂交水稻种子纯度技术标准化快速检测技术的研究与应用"(N03B12001);泉州师范学院"生物化学与分子生物学"重点学科(XK0609)资助。

摘　　要：对易萌和不易萌水稻(Oryzasativassp.japonica)品种进行扫描电镜观察、穗上发芽1￣4d水稻的α-淀粉酶活性和内源激素含量测定。结果表明:易萌品种穗上发芽过程中α-淀粉酶活性较高;I-AA、GA1+3、ZR含量也高于不易萌的品种;而ABA含量低于不易萌品种。GA1+3/ABA比值含量的变化与GA1+3含量变化基本一致。扫描电镜观察显示:易萌品种水稻颖壳外表面细胞排列疏松,茸毛较多且孔洞大,萌发孔也大,体现其机械阻力小,易吸水。说明水稻穗上发芽与α-淀粉酶活性,内源激素含量及颖壳结构有关。Scanning electron microscopy of easy or uneasy-germinated glumes, determining the contents of endogenous hormones and the activity of α-amylase were studied from 1-4 day pre-harvest sprouting rice （O- ryza sativa ssp.japonica）. The results showed that the activity of α -amylase and the contents of IAA,GA1＋3and ZR were higher in easy-germinated rice than those in the uneasy-germinated rice, while ABA content in easy-germinated rice was lower than that in uneasy-germinated rice. The change of GA1＋3ABA rate accorded with that of GA1＋3. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the cell surface of glume was loose arranged with more villus and bigger hole and germinal aperture, which had lesser mechanism resistance and better water absorptivity in easy-germinated rice. This research also indicated that pre-harvest sprouting related to α -amylase activity, endogenous hormone contents and glume structure in rice.

关 键 词：水稻 稳上发芽 Α-淀粉酶 内源激素 颖壳结构 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]