云南灯盏花根腐病病原初步鉴定  

The Pathogen of Erigeron breviscapus Root Rot in Yunnan

作　　者：杜宾[1] 杨生超[2] 刘翠琼[3] 李云 刘有贵 王云月[1] 朱有勇[1] 周江鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学/农业生物多样性应用技术国家工程研究中心/教育部重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201 [3]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [4]云南生物谷灯盏花药业有限公司,昆明650224

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2007年第8期1830-1834,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关计划资助项目(2004BA721A34)

摘　　要：【目的】根腐病是云南省灯盏花人工驯化栽培过程中出现的一种新病害,是限制灯盏花人工栽培产业进一步发展的主要障碍之一。确定引起灯盏花根腐病的病原物,可以为制定有效的防治措施提供依据。【方法】对人工栽培田间的灯盏花根腐病进行调查、采样,对病原菌进行分离、鉴定,并进行了田间人工接种。【结果】观察发现感病后植株地上部先萎蔫,然后整株枯死。根部和茎基部变为黑褐色,将根切开,可以明显看到维管束组织完全变为黑色。分离得到的病原菌在标准培养基上初生菌落为白色,后为红色和红褐色。无性繁殖产生大、小两型分生孢子,大型分生孢子较少,镰刀状;小型分生孢子产生量很大,卵形至棍棒形。在弱培养基(2%的水琼脂)上产生厚垣孢子。【结论】这种新发现病害是由半知菌亚门丝孢纲瘤座菌目镰孢菌属拟枝孢镰刀菌(Fusarium sporotrichioides)引起,本文是国内外对该病害的首次报道,而且灯盏花是拟枝孢镰刀菌的新记录寄主。[ Objective] Root rot is a new disease of Erigeron breviscapus, which occurres in the fields of cultivation and has become one of the major barriers of E. breviscapus artificial cultivation. Identification of the pathogen of E. breviscapus root rot is the basis of formulation of effective control measures. [ Method ] The symptom of E. breviscapus root rot in Yunnan was observed and samples were collected, and then the pathogen was isolated and identified. [ Result] After been infected, the plant appeared wilt in early period and then died. The root rotted partially or entirely and the vascular became browning. Cultures from single-spore isolates formed characteristic pale pink colonies. Abundant single-celled microconidia and some macroconidia with 2 to 3 partitions （39-51x4-51am） were observed. Abundant chlamydospores were formed on water agar. [Conclusion] The fungus was identified as Fusarium sporotrichioides based on its micro-morphology and cultural features, which belong to Tuberculariales of Hyphomycetes in Deuteromycotina. It is the first report of this disease and E. brevisapus is a newly described host of F. sporotrichioides.

关 键 词：灯盏花 根腐病 拟枝孢镰刀菌 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]