黄淮海平原冬小麦(Triticum aestivum)旗叶的生理生态特性  

Ecophysiological characteristics of flag leaf of winter wheat in HuangHuaiHai Plain

作　　者：谷艳芳[1] 高志英[2] 邢倩[2] 丁圣彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学生态科学与技术研究所,开封475001 [2]河南大学生命科学学院,开封475001

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第8期3465-3471,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重大基础研究计划课题(973)(2005CB121103);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30570301;40671175);河南省科技攻关资助项目(072102170005)~~

摘　　要：分别于2005年和2006年4、5月份,在中国科学院封丘农业生态试验站用Li-6400光合测定仪对田间冬小麦（Triticum aestivum）进行了净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）日变化的测定,并同步测定了有效辐射（PAR）、气温（Ta）、叶温（Tl）、空气相对湿度（Rh）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）等因子,研究了冬小麦旗叶的Pn、Tr与环境和生理因子之间的关系.结果表明,冬小麦旗叶的Pn随PAR的增加而升高,其光补偿点和光饱和点分别在50～60 μmol·m^-2 ·s^-1和1050～1100 μmol·m^-2 ·s^-1左右;Tr随 PAR呈线性升高.Ta与Tl的相关系数r=0.886＊＊,达显著水平,冬小麦旗叶Pn随Ta、Tl的增加而升高,当Ta、Tl分别超过30 ℃、32 ℃左右时,Pn随两因素的增加反而下降;Tr随Ta、Tl的增加呈直线升高.冬小麦旗叶Pn、Tr与Gs的相关系数分别为r=0.407＊＊和r=0.322＊＊,二者均随Gs的增加而升高,当Gs超过0.2 mol·m^-2 ·s^-1左右时,Pn的速度就会减缓.冬小麦旗叶的Pn、Tr均随Ci的增加而下降.通过对生态、生理因子的多元回归分析表明,影响黄淮海平原冬小麦旗叶的Pn、Tr的主要因子是PAR、Gs,除此以外,Ci也是影响Pn的重要因子.Photosynthesis and transpiration of flag leaf of winter wheat in Feng-qiu Agricultural Experiment station of CAS were measured at different growing stages with model Li-6400 photosynthesis system. In addition, variables such as the leaf temperature, photosynthesis active radiation, relative humidity, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration were also measured. This experiment studied the relations between the net photosynthesis rate ＆ transpiration rate of flag leaf and ecological ＆ physiological factors. The results showed that Pnof flag leaf rose when PAR increased, the light compensation point of photosynthesis （ Ic ） and light saturation point of photosynthesis （Isat ） in flag leaves were respectively about 50 --60μmol·m^-2· s^-1 and 1050 -- 1100μmol·m^-2· s^-1 ; Tr of flag leaf showed a positive linear correlation with PAR. The relative coefficient between Ta, and Ttwas 0.886 ＊＊, P, of flag leaf rose as Ta,and Ttincreased, then began to decrease when Ta and Ti exceeded 30℃ and 32℃ respectively; Tr of flag leaf showed a positive linear correlation with Ta and Tt. Relative coefficient between Pn and Gs was r =0.407 ＊＊ , relative coefficient between Tr, and Gs was r =0.322 ＊＊ ; both first rose while G, increased, then decreased when G, exceeded 0.2 mol m^- 2s^-1 Pn and Tr decreased when Ci increased. PAR and G, were the dominant factors affecting plant photosynthesis and transpiration.

关 键 词：冬小麦旗叶 净光合速率 蒸腾速率 生理生态因子 黄淮海平原 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]