青少年Stroop效应和反转Stroop效应的脑事件相关电位研究  

The Age Differences of Stroop and Reverse Stroop Effect between Adolescences And Young Adults:An ERP Study

作　　者：刘兆敏[1] 刘昌[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育科学学院,北京100037 [2]南京师范大学认知神经科学实验室,南京210097

出　　处：《心理学探新》2007年第3期48-54,共7页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30200082);高等学校全国优秀博士学位论文专项资金(200006)

摘　　要：研究了初中生、高中生和大学生在完成Stroop任务时的脑事件相关电位特征。以中文Stroop色字为材料,对颜色和字义任务中一致刺激和不一致刺激的脑电叠加平均,并相减(不一致刺激减一致刺激)得到差异波,比较各组被试的波形。结果发现:在顶区,初中生的P3比高中生和大学生更为正走向;大学生、高中生和初中生的头皮分布呈现出不同的特征;Nd4与Stroop效应和反转的Stroop效应有关,可能反映了对无关信息的抑制,而Pd6则反映了对语义信息的再加工。This study investigated the neural correlates of Stroop task by using event- related potentials （ERPs）. The subjects consisted of juniors, seniors and undergraduates. Chinese Stroop color- word was used. The ERP waves under two conditions in color test and word test were averaged respectively. The difference wave was obtained through subtracting the averaged ERP of the congruent color- words from that of the incongruent ones. By comparing the ERP waveforms of different ages, we found that, in the parietal sites, the P3 in juniors was more positive than that of seniors and undergraduates. The mapping of different groups also showed different characteristics. The difference wave Nd4 is related to the Stroop effect and reverse Stroop effect, which reflects the inhibition of irrelative information, while the Pd6 might reflect the rechecking of word meaning.

关 键 词：STROOP效应 反转Stroop效应 事件相关电位 年龄 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]