西部地区大中小学教师心理健康现状比较  

Comparison of mental health levels in teachers from middle-primary schools and colleges in western areas

作　　者：方红丽[1] 张桂青[1] 杨建霞[1] 张澜[2] 宋改敏[3] 黄丽姗[4] 曾祥岚[5] 史晓眉[6] 王忠[6] 秦敏[6] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院第一附属医院康复心理科,新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市832008 [2]石河子大学医学院护理系,新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市832008 [3]四川大学,四川省成都市610000 [4]西安音乐学院,陕西省西安市710000 [5]宁夏大学,宁夏回族自治区银川市750000 [6]石河子大学医学院第一附属医院科教处,新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市832008

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第39期7887-7890,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家教育部"十五"规划课题(FBB011474)~~

摘　　要：目的:比较西部地区大、中小学教师心理健康水平的差异,评估不同层次教师心理健康状况。方法:①于2003-01/2004-12根据年龄、性别、民族、教育程度和城乡等组成情况对西部地区12省包括新疆、甘肃、宁夏、青海、陕西、云南、广西、四川、重庆、内蒙古、西藏、贵州教师进行分层抽样。所有被试均为从事教育一线工作的教师,且均对调查项目知情同意。男3019人,女3110人;年龄18￣62岁;小、中、大学教师分别为1363,3692和1074人。②选用康奈尔医学指数问卷评估纳入教师生理和心理状况,采用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表和90项症状自评量表评估纳入教师心理健康状况。康奈尔医学指数问卷包括18个部分,共有195个问题,分数越高表明生理和心理问题越严重。焦虑自评量表:总分50～59分为轻度焦虑,60～69分为中度,>69分以上为重度焦虑;抑郁自评量表:总分53～62分为轻度抑郁,63～72分为中度抑郁,>72分为重度抑郁。症状自评量表包括躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性及其他10个因子,共90个项目,每个项目按从无到严重5个等级(1～5)计分,评分越高说明该项心理症状越明显。总分160～199分为轻度心理问题,200～240分为轻度心理问题,>240分为重度。③计量资料差异比较采用方差分析。结果:教师6129人均进入结果分析。①康奈尔指数问卷评分结果:小、中、大学教师总分、精神症状评分比较,差异明显(F=12.945,12.076,P<0.01)。大、中、小学教师在生理及心理健康方面,除消化系统、生殖泌尿系统、抑郁分项量表无明显差异外(P>0.05),其余差异均达到显著性(P<0.05～0.01)。②焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表评估结果:有焦虑情绪者和有抑郁情绪者的总检出率分别为29.73%和29.51%。小、中、大学教师焦虑自评量表评分结果比较,差异明显[(43.66±11.AIM： To compare and evaluate the mental health level of college and middle-primary school teachers from western areas. METHODS： ①According to age, gender, nationality, educational background and area, a total of 6 129 teachers aged 18-62 years were enrolled by stratified sampling from 12 provinces in the western area between January 2003 and December 2004, including 3 019 males and 3 110 females. They were all in-office teachers and informed of the detection scheme, 1 363 in primary school, 3 692 in middle school and 1 074 in college. ②All the subjects were evaluated by Comell Medical Index （CMI）, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）, Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）, respectively. CMI questionnaire included 195 questions of 18 sections, the higher marks indicated the severer problems of physiology and psychology. SAS： 50-59 scores as mild anxiety, 60-69 scores as moderate and over 69 scores as severe. SDS： 53-62 scores as mild depression, 63-72 scores as moderate and over 72 scores as severe. SCL-90 questionnaire adopted 90 itemsof 10 factors： somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paraniod ideation, psychoticism and addition. Five degrees were used, the higher the marks were, the worse the mental symptom was. Total score of 160-199 scores as mild mental problem, 200-240 scores as moderate and over 240 scores as severe.③Measurement data was compared with analysis of variance. RESULTS： All 6 129 teachers entered the result analysis. ①CMI questionnaire evaluation： There were significant differences in the total score and psychiatric symptom between college teachers and middle-primary school teachers （F = 12.945, 12.076, P 〈 0.01）. There were also statistical differences in mental and mental health of teachers （P 〈 0.05- 0.01）, except digestive system, genitourinary system and depression subscale （P 〉 0.05）.②Comparative results of SAS and SDS： The tot

关 键 词：大学 中小学 教师 心理健康 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]