玉米籽粒容重与产量和品质的相关分析  

Correlation Analysis on Maize Test Weight, Yield and Quality

作　　者：张丽[1] 董树亭[1] 刘存辉 王空军[1] 张吉旺[1] 刘鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省作物生物学重点实验室/山东农业大学农学院,泰安271018 [2]山东省种子管理站,济南251000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2007年第2期405-411,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点发展计划(2006CB101700);国家"粮食丰产科技工程"项目(2004BA520A08)

摘　　要：【目的】了解不同品种玉米籽粒容重的差异及其与产量和品质的关系。【方法】采用聚类分析、相关分析及通径分析的方法,对多个玉米品种籽粒的容重和产量、品质性状进行分析。【结果】将山东省最新审定的29个玉米品种划分为三类,高容重型(H-TW)、中容重型(M-TW)和低容重型(L-TW)。玉米容重的变异来源于基因型和试验地区,二者均达极显著水平。受基因型控制的籽粒形状是决定容重的重要因素,不同粒型之间容重差异显著,容重值排序是爆裂型>硬粒型>马齿型。施氮肥对玉米容重的影响不大,同一品种不同的施氮量处理之间玉米的容重差异不显著。相关分析表明,不同类型玉米籽粒容重与千粒重和产量均呈极显著的正相关。容重与蛋白质含量和淀粉总含量呈显著正相关,与粗脂肪含量呈负相关。通径分析指出赖氨酸含量对玉米容重起负作用,且由于决定系数最小(R(3)2=-0.05%),成为影响容重的主要限制因素,尤其是对蛋白质形成的限制,但对淀粉总含量的限制作用较小。【结论】提高玉米籽粒容重,应该首先着眼于籽粒总淀粉含量的提高。[Objective] The difference of test weight between different hybrids in maize was discussed. The correlation between test weight with yield and quality was also analyzed. [Method] Clustering analysis, correlation analysis and pass analysis were used. [Result] Twenty-nine summer maize hybrids released for commercial production in Shandong province were divided into three types： high-test weight （H-TW）, medium-test weight type （M-TW） and low-test weight type （L-TW）. Both sources of variations of genotypes and experiment locations were significant. Kernel type was the first important factor to determine the test weight, and the difference of test weight between kernel types was significant. The value was ordered as Popcorn〉 Flint 〉Dent. The effects of nitrogen rate on test weight of maize kernels were not significant. The correlation analysis indicated that the test weight of kernel types was significantly and positively correlated with kernel weight and yield. There was a negative correlation between test weight and gross fat contents. Test weight was correlated positively and significantly with protein and starch contents respectively. The pass analysis also indicated that lysine contents were constraint factor for test weight, because of its lowest decision coefficient （R（3）^2=-0.05%）, and the lysine contents especially reduced the protein contents. [Conclusion] Therefore, it is more important to improve test weight with an eye to the increasing of starch contents on account of the less constraint effect of lysine to starch contents.

关 键 词：玉米 氮肥 产量 品质 营养成分 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]