小荚蛏人工育苗试验  

The artificial breeding of Siliqua minima

作　　者：柴雪良[1] 张炯明[1] 方军[1] 肖国强[1] 张永普[2] 胡利华[1] 林志华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江温州325005 [2]温州大学,浙江温州325027

出　　处：《海洋科学》2007年第9期6-10,共5页Marine Sciences

基　　金：浙江省科技厅重点科研项目(021102245);温州市科技计划项目(S2004A001)

摘　　要：对小荚蛏(Siliqua minima)繁殖、幼虫培育、变态附着及稚贝培育进行了研究。结果表明,小荚蛏繁殖盛期是每年的4月底至5月初,壳长3cm左右的雌性成熟个体最多,产卵可达10万粒左右,卵径约60μm。在盐度20,水温21～22℃,pH7.8的条件下,受精卵经过28h发育至D形幼虫。26℃时胚胎的存活率和孵化率最高,盐度21～36之间胚胎的存活率和孵化率差异不大。温度对幼虫生长发育影响明显,18℃和30℃试验组,幼虫不能存活,22℃组幼虫存活率最高,但生长速度慢于26℃组。盐度对幼虫生长影响明显,盐度为16时,幼虫存活率最高,但生长速度略慢,随着盐度升高,存活率略有下降。金藻和小球藻是浮游幼虫前期生长适宜的单胞藻饵料。The reproducing, larval rearing, settlement and juvenile breeding of clam Siliqua minima were carried out in this paper. The main reproduce period is from the end of April to early May. The matured female individual which shell-length is 3 cm may produce about 100 000 eggs, which diameter is about 60μm. The zygote developing to D-larva needs 28 hours at salinity of 20, 21 -22℃, pH 7.8. The embryo survival rate and hatching rate are highest at 26 ℃, the difference is not significant in embryo survival rate and hatching rate from salinity of 21 to 36. The larval growth is remarkably affected by temperature. The larvae could not survive at the treatments of 18 ℃ and 30℃.The larval survival rate is highest at the temperature of 22℃, whereas the larvae grew more slowly at 26℃. The larval growth is also significantly affected by salinity. The larvae could obtain the highest survival rate at salinity of 16 ,with the medium growth rate .With the increasing of salinity, the larval survival rate decreased. Isochrysis galbana and Chlorella vulgaris are the suitable diet in early period of pelagic larva.

关 键 词：小荚蛏(Siliqua minima) 胚胎发育 幼虫 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]