杨树花发育相关基因及基因工程调控  

Molecular Mechanism and Genetic Engineering of Flower Development in Populus

作　　者：张冰玉[1] 苏晓华[1] 周祥明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林科院林业研究所,国家林业局林木培育实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2007年第5期695-700,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家948项目北方型美洲黑杨纸浆材基因资源及分子育种技术引进(2005-4-51);自然科学基金项目杨树性别的分子标记及开花调控基因的克隆(30200225)

摘　　要：杨树作为世界上重要的速生栽培树种和林木基因工程的模式树种,对其花发育分子机理的深入研究既是进行杨树开花调控的前提和基础,也为研究其它多年生木本植物花发育的研究提供借鉴。与其他开花植物相似,杨树的花发育也分为开花诱导、花的发端和花器官发育三个阶段,并且每个阶段都有多种基因的参与和调控。依据拟南芥等植物中花发育基因的信息,在杨树中也克隆了一大批与其花发育相关的基因,这些基因在表达方式、基因功能、调控等方面与其在拟南芥等植物中既有相似性,又具有杨树自身的特点。在杨树花发育相关基因的研究基础上,已经获得了提早开花及不育的转基因杨树。随着杨树花发育研究的不断深入以及实验技术的不断更新,杨树遗传改良必将发生历史性的变革。As an important fast growing forest species worldwide and a model species of tree genetic engineering, the study on melecular mechanism in flower development of poplar （Populus L.） is not only the precondition and basis for flower regulation by genetic engineering, but also a good reference for better understanding the similar process in other perennial plants. Similar to other flowering plants, the flower development in poplar could be clas- sified to three phase： floral induction, floral initiation and floral organ formation, and many genes participate in each phase, regulating the flowering processs. According to the information of genes related to flower development in Arabidopsis, a number of homologic genes in poplar were cloned. It was reported that the expression pattern, function and regulation of those genes in poplar are similar to that of in Arabidopsis, meanwhile have some spe- cialities. Based on the study of genes related to flower development in poplar, early flowering and sterile poplar have been produced by genetic engineering. Following the encouraging developments in flower development in poplar and the new coming technologies, it is possible to envisage that the genetic breeding of poplar will have a historic revolutionn in the future.

关 键 词：杨树 花发育 分子机理 基因工程 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]