几种放线菌处理后对猪粪中主要病原菌和恶臭产生菌的影响研究  

Effect of Actinomycetes on Main Pathogenic Bacteria and Odor-producing Bacteria from Swine Manure

作　　者：黄灿[1] 唐新燕[2] 李季[3] 彭绪亚[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [2]重庆大学生物工程学院,重庆400044 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第5期1958-1962,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2002BA516A07)

摘　　要：采用室内培养方法,研究评估了细黄链霉菌(Streptomyces microflavus)、抗生链霉菌(Streptomyces antibioticus)、灰色链霉菌(Streptomyces griseus)三种放线菌及其组合对猪粪中主要病原菌的影响,并对其体外的抑菌作用机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,接菌处理能有效减少猪粪中的沙门氏菌(Salmonella spp.)、病原性大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli O157)、空肠弯曲杆菌(Campylobacter spp.)、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌(Listeria monocytogenos)的数量。与对照组相比,单独添加细黄链霉菌组后猪粪中空肠弯曲杆菌的数量从3.1×101cfu·g-1降至不可检测。放线菌胞内外活性混合物质的体外抗菌试验的结果显示,不管是单独处理还是几种放线菌的复合处理都对供试的大肠杆菌、梭菌、优杆菌、沙门氏菌、病原性大肠埃希氏菌、空肠弯曲杆菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌表现出一定程度的抑制作用,在抑菌能力方面,单独添加细黄链霉菌的效果优于其他各组。In the last decades, the intensification of hog feeding operations has resulted in the production of large quantities of waste in a small area. The wastes can result in odor, global warming gases and the transfer of pathogens to water and food chains. Our previous studies showed that Streptomyces microflavus, Streptomyces antibioticus, Streptomyces griseus alone and in combinations could effectively reduce the emissions of short chain volatile fatty acids（VFAs） such as valeric acids and iso-valeric acids which is regarded as odor indicator in swine manure, and inhibit the growth of such VFAs-producing bacteria as Clostridia and Eubacterica. In this paper, endocellualar and extracellular active mixed substances of three actinomycetes S. microflavus, S.antibioticus, S. griseus and their combinations were prepared for studying the antibacterial effect mechanisms of these actinomycetes in vitro. The results showed that these actinomycetes could reduce the number of main pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157, Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenos from swine manure. Compared with the control, Campylobacter spp. reduced from 3.1×10^1 CFU·g^-1 to no detection, Salmonella spp. from 5.8×10^2 to 0.03×10^2 after adding S.microflavus alone to swine manure. The in vitro antibacterial effect of endocellular and extracelluar active mixed substance from three actinomycetes indicated that whether actinomycete alone or in combinations, adding actinomycetes to selected bacteria had antibacterial effect to some extent on Coliform, Clostridia, Eubacteria, Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157, Campylobacter spp., and Listeria monocytogenos. Adding S. microflavus alone to selected bacteria had the best antibacterial effect in vitro as far as endocellular and extracel- luar active mixed substance among these treated groups. These actinomycetes may be used as antimicrobial agents to control pathogens and odor in stored swine manure.

关 键 词：细黄链霉菌 抗生链霉菌 灰色链霉菌 猪粪 病原菌 放线菌胞内外活性混合物质 抑菌作用 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]