《麦克白》:半神的蜕变与人的救赎  

Macbeth:The Transformation of a Semi-god and the Redemption of Man

作　　者：梁超群[1] 张锷[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学外语学院英语系

出　　处：《国外文学》2007年第3期80-86,共7页Foreign Literatures

摘　　要：也许是因为受到艾略特"从宗教正统出发"的"道德式文学批评"的严重的格式化影响,20世纪对《麦克白》的主流解读多呈现出宗教或道德主义倾向,用善恶斗争模式解释《麦克白》的论文比比皆是。但是,《麦克白》之所以为悲剧,并不因为它表面的道德劝诫寓意,而在于它对人性由魔(半神)到人的这一悲剧性蜕变历程的追溯与重建。在莎士比亚的人性谱系图中,麦克白与古典时期的所谓"半神"为伍,他的肉体的毁灭伴随着他灵魂的救赎。人类正在这种悲剧性体验中,发现人生的意义,从而方能实现自赎。人类并不是因为战胜麦克白而获救,而是因麦克白(麦克白就是我们)战胜自己而获救。An absolute majority of the thematic interpretations of Macbeth in the 20th- century reflects Eliot＇s moralistic influences, but the tragic power of the play resides in its reconstruction of the transformation of semi-gods into humans rather than its superficial moralism or Christian pattern of good and evil. In Shakespeare＇s genealogy of humankind, Macbeth is a reincarnate semi-god like Heracles. His physical annihilation arrives with the redemption of his soul. In the light of such a tragic experience, Macbeth and the audience find the lost meaning of life and attain redemption.

关 键 词：莎士比亚 《麦克白》 道德主义 半神 救赎 

分 类 号：I561[文学—其他各国文学]