致龋菌、唾液缓冲能力与婴幼儿龋的相关性研究  

Relationship between cariogenic microbe,salivary buffer capacity and early childhood caries

作　　者：周琼[1] 白洁[1] 秦满[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院.口腔医院儿童口腔科,100081

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2007年第10期581-584,共4页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金(2002-3035)

摘　　要：目的探讨唾液中变形链球菌、乳酸杆菌和唾液 pH 值、缓冲能力与婴幼儿龋的关系。方法将178名42～54个月的儿童分为患龋组(患龋牙数≥5)87例和无龋组91人。吐唾法采集非刺激性唾液和嚼蜡法采集刺激性唾液各2ml,用选择性培养的方法检测刺激性唾液中变形链球菌、乳酸杆菌的检出率和计数水平;测定非刺激性及刺激性唾液的 pH 值和缓冲能力。结果患龋组唾液变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌的检出率分别为96.6%和79.3%,显著高于无龋组的63.7%和27.5%(P<0.05);患龋组两种细菌的计数水平比无龋组高近10倍。患龋组和无龋组刺激性唾液的初始 pH 值和对酸的缓冲能力均显著高于非刺激性唾液(P<0.001);患龋组刺激性和非刺激性唾液的初始 pH值和缓冲能力均显著低于无龋组(P<0.05);无龋组中变彤链球菌、乳酸杆菌和唾液 pH 值、缓冲能力之间无明显的相关性;患龋组刺激性唾液的缓冲能力与变形链球菌的计数水平显著相关(r=0.249,P<0.05)。结论变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌是婴幼儿龋的重要致病菌;唾液的初始 pH 值和缓冲能力偏低可能是影响婴幼儿龋的重要因素。Objective To investigate the relationship between Mutans streptococcus （MS）, Lactobacilli （LB） , pH value and buffer capacity of saliva and early childhood caries （ECC）. Methods A total of 178 children aged from 42 to 54 months were recruited from 14 urban kindergartens in Beijing. The ECC group contained 87 children with more than 5 decayed teeth, and the control group was composed of 91 caries-free children. Unstimulated （UWS, 2 ml） and stimulated （SWS, 2 ml） whole saliva were collected in each subject. The pH value and buffer capacity of saliva were measured using an electro-acidimeter （±0.01pH）. Results MS and LB were isolated from 96. 6% and 79. 3% of children with ECC, which were significantly higher than those （63.7% , 27.5% ）of caries-free children （P 〈 0. 05） respectively. The counts of MS and LB in children with ECC were approximately 10 times higher than that in caries-free children. Initial pH value and buffer capacity of SWS were significantly higher than that of UWS （P 〈 0. 001 ） in both groups. The pH value and buffer capacity of both UWS and SWS in ECC children were significantly higher than caries-free children （P 〈 0.05 ）. There were no significant correlations between MS, LB and pH value and buffer capacity of saliva in caries-free children. Significant correlation （r = 0. 249,P 〈 0. 05） was found between the numbers of MS and buffer capacity of stimulated saliva in ECC children. Conclusions MS and LB were important pathogens for ECC. Lower initial pH value and buffer capacity of saliva may be an important factor of ECC.

关 键 词：龋齿 链球菌 变异 乳杆菌 嗜酸 唾液 

分 类 号：R788.14[医药卫生—口腔医学]