正常(牙合)青少年下牙弓后段间隙增龄性变化的观察  

Longitudinal changes of posterior available spaces of lower dental arch in adolescents with normal occlusion from 13 to 18 years of age

作　　者：陈莉莉[1] 林久祥[1] 许天民[1] 张兴中[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院.口腔医院正畸科,100081

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2007年第9期515-518,共4页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关计划(2004BA720A25)

摘　　要：目的探讨汉族正常(牙合)青少年13～18岁时下牙弓后段间隙的增龄性变化,为临床全牙弓间隙分析和预测提供依据。方法对26名汉族正常(牙合)青少年(男性12名,女性14名)从13～18岁连续6年每年同期拍摄头颅侧位 X 线片,进行头影测量纵向分析。结果①13～18岁下牙弓后段间隙的变化男女间差异有统计学意义,女性每侧下牙弓后段间隙半均增长5.12 mm,男性平均增长5.79 mm;②女性比男性较早结束下颌骨生长改建,女性16岁时,男性17岁时基本停止下颌骨改建;女性13～16岁每年每侧下牙弓后段间隙平均增长1.22 mm;男性13～17岁每年每侧平均增长1.45 mm;③13～18岁正常(牙合)青少年下牙弓后段间隙的增加与第三磨牙萌出前下颌支前缘的吸收以及第三磨牙萌出时下牙列的近中移动相关,第三磨牙的萌出可能刺激牙列向近中移动。结论下牙弓后段间隙的增龄性变化有年龄、性别的差异。Objective To investigate the changes of available spaces of posterior arch segments in mandibular dentition from 13 to 18 years of age, which would provide information for space analysis of whole dental arch in adolescents. Methods Twenty-six adolescents （ 12 males, 14 females） with normal occlusion were selected. All of the subjects had lateral cephalograms taken at the same time each year for 6 years. Longitudinal cephalometry and statistic analysis were conducted for all subjects. Results Significant differences of available space were found between males and females. The growth of available space from 13 to 18 years of age was 5.12 mm in females and 5.79 mm in males. The completion of mandibular remodeling in males lagged behind females for about 1 year. No significant increase was found in girls beyond 16 years and in boys beyond 17 years. There was a 1.22 mm increase on each side per year in females until 16 years and a 1.45 mm increase in males until 17 years. The increase of available space was made partly by resorption of bone from the anterior border of the ramus and partly by mesial movement of the first molar. The mesial movement of dental arch was probably stimulated by the eruption of the third molars. Conclusions The prediction of available space should be based on age and sex.

关 键 词：纵向研究 牙弓 正畸学 间隙分析 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]