泛模块性论题及其认知科学意义  

The Massive Modularity Thesis and Its Significance to Cognitive Science

作　　者：田平[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学价值与文化研究中心,哲学与社会学学院北京100875

出　　处：《科学技术与辩证法》2007年第5期60-63,82,共5页Science Technology and Dialectics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地基金资助项目"行动;理性与价值"(06JJD720004)

摘　　要：针对福多的思维非模块性主张,进化心理学家提出泛模块性论题,将所有或者大部分认知机制看作是通过自然选择进化而来的解决祖先进化环境中的适应问题的、功能专门化的认知模块。虽然泛模块性论题面临自身的困境,但是,通过对泛模块性论题及其困境的思考,我们可以看到这一论题对认知科学所具有的重要启发意义。它的意义是在于向我们提示,应当从进化和文化两个视角理解人类认知机制的塑造。在这样的视角之下,我们可以将通过生物进化而来的认知机制(先天)看作是准模块,同时肯定累积性和多样性的文化对认知能力的影响和重塑(后天)。In connection with Fodor's claim of the nonmodularity of thinking,evolutionary psychologists developed the massive modularity thesis according to which all or most of our cognitive mechanisms are function-specific cognitive modules that are evolved through natural selection to solve adaptive problems in the ancestral environment.Although the massive modularity thesis has its own problems,considerations on the thesis and its problems show that the thesis has important significance to cognitive science.Its significance lies in that it suggests that the study of cognition should proceed from the two perspectives of evolution and culture.From such perspectives,we can take cognitive mechanisms that are evolved through biological evolution to be quasi-modules,and at the same time,pay attention to the influence on and re-modeling of cognitive competences made by accumulative and diversified culture.

关 键 词：心的模块性 计算主义 泛模块性论题 进化心理学 思维 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]