早期营养限制对肉鸡生长性能和胴体品质的影响  

Effects of Early Nutrition Restriction on Growth Performance and Carcass Quality in Broilers

作　　者：占秀安[1] 柯连坤[1] 任和[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院饲料科学研究所,杭州310029

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2007年第5期521-527,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2004CB117505)资助

摘　　要：本文研究了早期长时间（1～21日龄）低强度（每日4 h）营养限制对肉鸡生长性能和胴体品质的影响。选择健康、体重相近1日龄安康红肉用公母混合雏鸡600羽，随机分成2个组（对照组与试验组），每个组300羽（含3个重复，每个重复100羽）。饲养试验分3个阶段：1～21、22～42和43～63日龄。试验组1～21日龄每日10：00～14：00实施限饲（不给料），22～63日龄恢复自由采食，对照组全期自由采食。所有试验鸡在自由饮水和24 h光照条件下进行为期63 d的饲养试验。限饲结束（21日龄）和饲养试验结束（63日龄）后，每个组的每个重复选择母鸡8羽（共96羽）进行屠宰试验与取样分析。结果表明，肉鸡早期低强度（12.59%限饲量）长时间（1～21日龄）的连续限饲方案显著降低了1～21日龄肉鸡生长速度；22～63日龄恢复自由采食后获得了明显的补偿生长，饲料转化率各阶段差异均不明显（P〉0.05）。早期限饲明显改变了21、63日龄肉鸡的胴体组成和肉质，显著提高上市肉鸡（63日龄）腿肌重而不影响胸肌重，提高胸肌蛋白含量而降低脂肪含量，同时明显增加了腹脂沉积量。上述结果提示，早期营养限制对肉鸡具有代谢程序化和营养重分配的作用，能显著改变肉鸡的胴体品质。The trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of early nutrition restriction on growth performance and carcass quality and to approach its mechanism in broilers. A total of 600 broilers （ Aconred ） were randomly allocated into two treatments （ad libitum group （ALG） and nutrition-restricted group （NRG）） by weight and sex, each of which was triplicated with 100 chicken per replicate. Broilers kept in cages and received commercial diets for 63 days including three stages （0～21, 22～42, 43～63 day of age）. From 1 to 21 day of age, the feed of NRG was deprived for 4 hours （10：00～14：00） per day to restrict the feed intake, while the feed of ALG was given ad libitum. In other stages, the broilers of both groups could access to the feed ad libitum. Adequate water and 24 hours light provided. The growth performance, carcass composition and meat quality of female broilers were determined on day 21 and day 63. The results showed that the low intensity （12.59% feed quantity restriction） and long time （1～21 d） nutrition restriction could induce posterior growth compensatory, and have no influence on the body weight and feed gain ratio on day 63. The nutrition restriction changed the carcass quality of broilers on day 21 and day 63. The leg muscle weight and CP content of breast muscle were increased, and EE content of breast muscle was decreased. However, the sediment of abdominal fat was increased. In conclusion, early nutrition restriction could induce nutrition re-distribution and metabolic programming, change carcass quality in broilers.

关 键 词：营养限制 生长性能 补偿生长 胴体品质 代谢程序化 营养重分配 

分 类 号：S831.44[农业科学—畜牧学]