我国四城市40岁以上样本人群脑卒中危险因素现况  

A Cross-sectional Survey on Risk Factors of Stroke in Sampling Population Aged over 40 Years among Communities in Four Cities of China

作　　者：黄久仪[1] 洪震[2] 王文志[3] 王桂清[1] 杨渤生[4] 齐林艳 曹奕丰[1] 郭吉平[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市脑血管病防治研究所,上海201318 [2]复旦大学附属华山医院神经病学研究所,上海200040 [3]北京市神经外科研究所,北京100050 [4]南京军区福州总医院神经内科,福建福州350025 [5]唐山同济医院内科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2007年第5期416-419,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：国家"十五"滚动项目基金资助(2004BA703B12)

摘　　要：目的了解我国四城市40岁以上人群脑卒中危险因素暴露水平及其地区分布特征。方法于2005年在北京、上海、福州、唐山4个城市设5个中心,以整群抽样方法抽取年龄≥40岁的人群作为目标人群。设计统一的卒中危险因素调查表,对符合入选标准者进行一般项目及脑卒中常见危险因素现况调查,以面对面的方式进行,并测量身高、体重、血压等指标,按地区、年龄和性别分组,对危险因素暴露率及其人群与地区分布特征进行分析。结果符合纳入标准且资料完整者共23741人,性别比为0.74∶1,平均年龄(57.32±11.21)岁。高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、卒中家族史、肥胖、吸烟、饮酒的暴露率分别为27.73%,14.14%,5.19%,15.95%,11.28%,28.7%,16.6%,各中心间上述因素的暴露率差别均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、卒中家族史、吸烟率和饮酒率在不同年龄组间差别均有统计学意义(P<0.001),男性吸烟和饮酒率高于女性(P<0.001)。各中心收缩压、舒张压和体质指数差别均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论北京、上海、福州、唐山4个城市≥40岁样本人群脑卒中危险因素整体暴露水平较高,北方地区暴露率高于南方地区,与年龄和性别密切相关。To find out exposure level and distributional characteristics of risk factors for stroke in sampling population among communities. Methods Target population aged ≥40 years were selected from Beijing, Shanghai, Fuzhou and Tangshan by cluster sampling and grouped by area, age and gender. They were investigated face to face with a questionnaire which included general information and common risk factors of stroke. Body height, weight and levels of blood pressures were measured. Exposure rate of risk factors and its distributional characteristics of area and population were described. Results 23 471 individuals were enlisted into data analysis. Exposure rate of hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, family history of stroke, obesity, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were 27.73%, 14.14%, 5.19%, 15.95%, 11.28%, 28.7% and 16.6%, respectively. There were significant differences between areas for all factors （P〈0.01）. Exposure rates of hypertension, heart disease, diabetes increased with age. Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were more common in male and the younger. Conclusions Exposure rate of risk factors for stroke in community population aged ≥40 years is high, which is higher in the north than in the south and increases along with age.

关 键 词：脑卒中 现况调查 危险因素 暴露率 

分 类 号：R541.3[医药卫生—心血管疾病]