上海城市绿地植物群落降噪功能及其影响因子  

Noise-reduction function and its affecting factors of urban plant communities in Shanghai

作　　者：张庆费[1] 郑思俊[1] 夏檑 吴海萍[2] 张明丽[3] 李明胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学研究所,上海200232 [2]华东师范大学环境科学系,上海200062 [3]上海植物园,上海200231

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2007年第10期2295-2300,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会重大科技攻关项目(03dz12023);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03A1702);上海市绿化局科研资助项目(ZX050204).

摘　　要：利用因子分析法,对上海19类绿地植物群落30m宽度的噪声相对衰减量与8个群落结构因子的关系进行了分析.结果表明:绿地群落的降噪效果明显,其与草坪的降噪效果存在极显著差异(P<0.01),声波在绿地中有额外的声衰减.3组不同降噪能力绿地群落的30m噪声相对衰减量分别为≥10dB(A)、6～10dB(A)和?6dB(A);影响绿地群落降噪效果的结构因子为叶面积指数、群落平均枝下高、平均高度、盖度和平均冠幅,它们与噪声相对衰减量的相关系数分别为0.343、0.318、0.285、0.226和0.193.结构因子的累积贡献率达65.47%.在降噪绿地设计中应着重考虑这5个结构因子.The factor analysis on the relationships between excess noise attenuation （decrement after noise propagating 30 m） and 8 structural characteristics of 19 urban plant communities in Shang- hai showed that all the plant communities had notable effects on reducing noise, and the noise attenuation ability of the communities was significantly higher than that of lawn （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The plant communities could be divided into three groups base on their noise attenuation ability, i. e. , those of ≥10 dB（A）, 6-10 dB（A）, and ≤6 dB（A）. The main factors affecting the noise attenuation ability of the communities were leaf area index, average bifurcate height, average height, coverage, and average canopy diameter, and their correlation coefficients with noise attenuation were 0. 343, 0. 318, 0. 285, 0. 226 and 0. 193, respectively. These five factors had a cumulative contribution rate of 65.47%, suggesting that they should be considered in stress when designing urban greenbelt for noise reduction.

关 键 词：城市绿地群落 相对衰减量 群落结构因子 噪声 降噪 主因子 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]