类黄酮物质及查尔酮合酶在油菜性状改良中的作用  

Roles of Chalcone Synthase in Trait Improvement of Oilseed Rape

作　　者：狄曙玲[1] 刘列钊 柴友荣[1] 杨光伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院农业部生物技术与作物品质改良重点实验室重庆市作物品质改良重点实验室重庆市油菜工程技术研究中心,重庆400716

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2007年第18期21-24,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金项目(8446;CSTC2006BB1315)

摘　　要：类黄酮化合物(Flavonoids)是一类重要的植物次生代谢产物,查尔酮合酶(CHS)是类黄酮物质形成步骤中的一个关键酶,影响植物的多种重要性状。油菜是重要的经济作物,许多植物的CHS基因已经被克隆并进行了基因工程的研究,但CHS与油菜性状发育的关系和分子机理的研究还十分欠缺。本文简略综述了类黄酮物质的结构、分布、功能、CHS基因在类黄酮途径中的重要作用、植物界CHS基因克隆和基因工程的研究进展,重点论述了CHS在油菜的种皮色泽、花瓣颜色、异花传粉、花粉育性、抗紫外线能力、茎表紫色、抗病能力等性状形成中可能的重要作用,并提出了通过对CHS基因的表达调控来改良这些性状的可能性。Flavonoids are an important class of plant secondary metabolites product. Chalcone synthase （CHS） is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, influencing many important traits, Oilseed rape is an important economic crop. CHS genes have been cloned and genetically engineered in many plants. But report on relationship between CHS and trait formation of oilseed rape is still quite rare. This article gives a brief review on structure, distribution and function of flavonoids, and advancement of gene cloning and genetic engineering of plant CHS genes, with an emphasis on the potential roles that CHS genes play in determining some important traits of oilseed rape, such as seed coat color, petal color, cross pollination, pollen fertility, ultraviolet resistance, stem surface color, and disease resistance. Possibility of improving these traits through genetically regulating the expression of CHS genes is also put forward.

关 键 词：查尔酮合酶(CHS) 类黄酮 油菜 性状 

分 类 号：Q559[生物学—生物化学] S565.4[农业科学—作物学]