大鼠慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病模型的建立  

Establishment of rat model of peripheral neuropathy of chronic alcoholism

作　　者：陈悦[1] 聂晓兰[1] 徐晓[1] 谢振兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学神经生物研究所,河南开封475003

出　　处：《第四军医大学学报》2007年第20期1845-1847,共3页Journal of the Fourth Military Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30670688)

摘　　要：目的:为研究慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病提供合适的动物模型.方法:Wistar健康成年大鼠30只随机分为白酒灌胃组和盐水对照组,白酒灌胃组给予600mL/L白酒,按5mL/kg灌胃,1次/d;盐水对照组用等体积生理盐水灌胃,16wk后进行肌电图检测和观察坐骨神经的髓鞘、微管、微丝等结构变化.结果:肌电图检测显示白酒灌胃组大鼠均出现复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)波幅降低,伴轻中度运动神经传导速度(MCV)减慢.电镜检查发现白酒灌胃组大鼠坐骨神经髓鞘结构异常,微管和微丝数量减少,多数线粒体呈空泡样改变.结论:高浓度白酒灌胃16wk,大鼠肌电图和坐骨神经的病理改变均符合轴索性周围神经病变,这种改变与人类慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病相似.因此高浓度白酒灌胃建立大鼠慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病模型是可行的.AIM： To provide a suitable animal model for study on the peripheral neuropathy of chronic alcoholism. METHODS ： Thirty healthy adult Wistar rats were assigned into the ethanol-fed group and the control group randomly. The ethanol-fed group received administration of 600 ml / L distillate spirit, 5 mL/kg daily, and the control group received administration of the equal volume of normal saline. The electrophysiology of rats was measured and the changes of myelin sheath, microtubule, microfilament in sciatic nerve of rats were observed at the end of the 16th week. RESULTS： Electrophysiologically, all ethanol-fed rats showed low amplitude of compound muscular action potential （CMAP） with mild to moderate slow motor nerve velocity （MCV）. The electron microscopic examination demonstrated that the abnormal structure of myelin sheath in sciatic nerve of ethanolfed rats, the reduced number of microtubule and microfilament, and vacuoles in most mitochondria. CONCLUSION： The changes in electromyography and pathology in sciatic nerve of ethanolfed rats accord with the axonal peripheral neuropathy, which is similar to that in human alcoholics. It is feasible to establish rat model of the peripheral neuropathy of chronic alcoholism by intragastric administration of distillate spirit.

关 键 词：酒精中毒 疾病模型 动物 周围神经系统疾病 

分 类 号：R745[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]