新疆和田地区策勒县达玛沟佛寺遗址发掘报告  

EXCAVATIONS OF BUDDHIST TEMPLE-SITES AT DAMAGO IN QIRA COUNTY OF HETIAN PREFECTURE,XINJIANG

作　　者：巫新华[1] 郭物[1] 雷然 钟建[1] 艾力 艾则孜 买提哈斯木 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所新疆队

出　　处：《考古学报》2007年第4期489-525,529-542,共51页Acta Archaeologica Sinica

摘　　要：新疆和田地区策勒县达玛沟乡所在区域分布着许多重要佛教遗址。20世纪初，沿达玛沟水系从南到北先后发现了喀达里克、克科吉格代、巴拉瓦斯特、老达玛沟、乌宗塔提、喀拉沁、丹丹乌里克等著名佛教遗址，出土大量的珍贵佛教文物。然而，上述佛教遗址全部位于今达玛沟绿洲及其北部地区，达玛沟南部地区基本上没有佛教遗迹被发现。In March 2000, May to June 2006 and October 2006, the Xinjiang Archaeological Team, IA, CASS, excavated successively the Nos. 1 and 2 Buddhist temple-sites at Topulukdong and the No. 1 Buddhist temple-site at Karadong in Damago of Qira County, Xinjiang. It has been known through studies that Temple Topulukdong-1 may have been built in the 6th to 7th century, Temple Damago Karadong-1, in the 7th century, and Temple Topulukdong-2, in the 8th century; and all of them may have been destroyed in the 10th to 11th century, in flames of the Islamic War launched by the Karakhan Dynasty. Thus the temples reflect an aspect of the developmental course of Buddhist temples in Yutian during the 6th to 8th centuries. The first temple is a square-plan image enshrining and worshiping hall and is the smallest among the medieval temples discovered so far in China and even in the world, as well as the best preserved hall-style Buddhist temple recorded in the Taklimakan Desert up to the present. The Buddhist statues in the temple are in quite a good condition, and the main sculpture and its nimbus and halo are invaluable treasures. The murals are exquisite in workmanship and the largest in remaining size among the wall paintings of Buddhist temples recorded so far across the Taklimakan Desert. Of them the figure of Maitreya Bodhisattva and the early image of Vaisravana are especially valuable. The original building can be completely reconstructed on the basis of the extant structures and murals. Temple Topulukdong-2 is well planned and is precise in layout and quite good in condition, and consists of the eastern gate, anterior hall, eastern side hall, northeastern side room, northern gate, northern side hall and central hall with statues enshrined inside and a corridor winding outside. It is the most complexly structured temple with a winding corridor and Buddhist statues known so far in Hetian Prefecture and can be rated as a large-sized representative of this type of building in this area. Thus its discovery made up a gap in the kno

关 键 词：佛教遗址 和田地区 策勒县 发掘报告 新疆 佛寺 区域分布 佛教文物 

分 类 号：K872[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]