带状留茬间作减轻旱作农田土壤风蚀的生态效应研究  

The Ecological Effect of Strip Intercropping Together with Stubble-keeping on Reducing wind Erosion in Dry Farming Land

作　　者：赵沛义[1] 妥德宝[1] 郑大玮[2] 段玉[1] 闫伟[3] 李焕春[1] 弓钦 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农牧业科学院植物营养与分析研究所,呼和浩特010031 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094 [3]内蒙古农业大学林学院,呼和浩特010018 [4]乌兰察布市土壤肥料工作站,集宁012000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2007年第10期171-174,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"作物残茬生物篱防治农田风蚀及其机理的研究"(40661009);国家科技攻关项目"北方农牧交错带防沙型旱作农业发展模式与技术"(2004BA508B10)资助项目

摘　　要：针对阴山北麓农牧交错带干旱少雨,风大风多,风蚀沙化严重的现状,深入分析了影响农田风蚀沙化的各种因素,研究提出了防沙型带状留茬间作轮作技术。结果表明:采用带状留茬间作轮作技术,冬春风蚀季节可以降低留茬带风蚀量幅度基本为68.5%～88.7%,由于留茬带的保护作用,降低间作裸露带风蚀量幅度为42.4%～68.3%。在减轻风蚀的同时,带状留茬间作轮作保持了由于秋季耕翻松土的多蓄降水作用,降低了冬春季节近地面风速和水分蒸发,同时还拦截了冬雪,播种时有留茬带保护的间作裸露带0～1m土层贮水量提高15～41.5mm。由于带状留茬间作轮作的集水、保墒和边际效应,增产作用明显,增产幅度为12%～75%。Wind erosion and desertification is very severe in the north foot region of Yinshan Mountain.This paper describes the main reasons which cause wind erosion and soil desertification.A technique of strip intercropping together with stubble-keeping is suggested,and its effects on reducing wind erosion,rainfall enrichment,soil water conservation and crop improvement are discussed in this paper.The wind erosion in stubble-keeping belt is reduced by 68.5%～88.7%,and 42.4%～68.3% in the neighbor naked belt due to reducing wind velocity.The soil conserves more water because of reducing evaporation and enriching snowfall.The results showed that 0～1 m soil water storage capacity has been increased about 15～41.5mm in plowed plot with stubble-keeping at next spring.The crop yield thus increases by 12%～75%.

关 键 词：带状留茬间作 旱作农业 风蚀 

分 类 号：S34[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]