基于单元格网的STREAM分布式水文模型及其应用——以太湖上游西苕溪流域为例  

APPLICATION OF GRID BASED STREAM DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGICAL MODEL——A CASE STUDY IN XITIAOXI WATERSHED OF TAIHU BASIN

作　　者：李恒鹏[1] 王旭强 杨桂山[1] 金洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]湖州市水利局,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2007年第6期715-720,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-331);国家自然科学基金(40401056);"973计划"课题(2002CB412310)联合资助

摘　　要：STREAM模型是基于单元格网的分布式水文模型，可以利用易于获取的地理信息，揭示气候变化及下垫面改变对水循环的复杂影响。选择太湖上游西苕溪流域为研究区，采用1979～1999年的26个降水站实测序列和不同时段的土地利用数据，应用GIS流域分析方法与空间插值技术建立300m的流域格网信息，并通过BLAISE脚本语言实现STREAM模型与GIS的集成，应用1979-1999年水文站实测序列对模型进行率定和验证。结果显示月径流量和年径流量模拟与实测值吻合良好，1980-1988年模型率定期，月径流量的确定性系数为0．78，年径流量的确定性系数为0．86，各年平均相对误差仅为6％；1989-1999年模型验证期，月径流量的确定性系数为0．75，年径流量的确定性系数为0．82，各年平均相对误差为9．5％。研究证实模型有较强的预测能力，在流域管理与决策中具有较好的应用前景。The STREAM is a cell based distributed hydrology model,which can be used to give insight in the complex impacts of climate change and hydrological characteristics change of land surface on hydrological cycle using easily accessible geographic information. Xitiaoxi watershed in Taihu Basin was selected as the study area,precipitation data of 26 min stations from 1979 to 1999 and land use data of different years were collected. Data of watershed grids map in 300 m cell-size for STREAM model were constructed by watershed analysis and spatial interpolation methods of GIS. Using BLAISE scripts language, the STREAM model was established and integrated with Idrisi GIS software. The model is calibrated well and valid using monthly runoff data from 1979- 1999. Results showed that the modeled monthly and annual runoffs match well with the observed ones. In the calibration period of 1980-1988,the efficiency value is 0.78 for monthly runoff and 0.86 for annual runoff. The relative mean error of annual runoff is about 6 %. In the validation period of 1989-1999,the efficiency value is 0.75 for monthly runoff and 0.82 for annual runoff. The relative mean error of annual runoff is about 9. 5%. The case study proved that the model works well for runoff prediction and has better application prospect in the watershed management.

关 键 词：分布式水文模型 STREAM 西苕溪流域 水量平衡 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]