堆肥化过程中微生物群落的动态  

Microbial Dynamics During the Composting Process

作　　者：王伟东[1] 王小芬[2] 朴哲[3] 刘长莉[2] 高秀芝[2] 崔宗均[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科技学院,大庆163319 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [3]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《环境科学》2007年第11期2591-2597,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD04A09);黑龙江省博士后基金项目(LDH-Z05009);黑龙江省农垦总局科技攻关项目(HNKXIV-02-03-03)

摘　　要：通过变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）和平板计数法对堆肥化过程中微生物的区系动态变化进行了研究.结果表明,在堆肥化过程中,微生物数量总的趋势是细菌的数量最多,放线菌次之,真菌的数量最少,中温微生物的数量始终高于高温微生物.当发酵结束后,中温微生物的数量低于发酵初始水平,高温放线菌和高温真菌的数量试验结束后高于初始水平,高温细菌的数量在整个堆肥化过程中变化不大.通过DGGE分析表明,发酵过程中细菌的种类发生了明显的更迭现象.发酵初期Bdellovibrio、Clostridiabacterium、Bacillus、Clostridium等占优势,中期Beta proteobacterium、Petrobacter succinimandens、Nitrospiraebacterium、Clostridium等占优势,后期Clostridium、Beta proteobacterium、Paenibacillus等占优势,而在整个堆肥化过程中Clostridium都是优势种.Microbial dynamics of microbial community during the composting process was investigated with the methods of denaturing gradient gel electmphoresis （DGGE） and plating. The results showed that the most of microorganism count was bacterium, the second was actinomycete and the least was fungi. At the same time, the count of the thermophilic microorganism was always less than that of the mesophilic during the compostingprocess. The count of mesophilic microorganism at later stage was less than that at the initial stage. However, the count of thermophilic antinomycete and fungi at later stage were more than that at initial stage, and the count of thermophilic bacterium was stable throughout the composting process. The bands pattern of DGGE and 16S rDNA analyses indicated that bacterial succession was presented during the composting process. The genera of Bdellovibrio, Clostridia bacterium and Bacillus were dominant species at initial stage （before the first 15 days）, and Beta proteobacterium, Petrobacter succinimandens, Nitrospirae bacterium and Paenibacillus were dominant species at middle and later stage. Moreover, Clostridium was found throughout the process.

关 键 词：堆肥化 微生物区系 变性梯度凝胶电泳 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]