高效石油烃降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性  

Isolation and identification of high-efficiency petroleum-degrading bacteria and their degradation characteristics

作　　者：李慧[1] 陈冠雄[1] 张颖[1] 徐慧[1] 金寰宇[2] 张成刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中山大学生命科学院,广州510275

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2007年第10期1664-1669,共6页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室基金资助项目;沈阳环境工程重点实验室基金资助项目;国家重点基础研究发展计划基金资助项目(2004CB418500)

摘　　要：为获得更为丰富的石油降解微生物资源,从沈抚污灌区石油污染土壤和实验室高浓度柴油胁迫土壤中筛选出了4株高效石油烃降解菌SF-422、SF-428、SF-433和SYS-1.这4株菌总石油烃（Total petroleum hydrocarbon/TPH）生物降解率为67.4%～73.6%.经过16项生理生化特性实验和16S rDNA序列分析鉴定,SF-433,SF-428,SF-422和SYS-1分别为蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）,木糖氧化无色杆菌（Achromobacter xylosoxidans）,施氏假单胞菌（Pseudomonas stutzeri）和洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌（Burkholderia cepacia）.纯烃降解定性实验表明所筛选出的4株高效降解菌均能够利用正十六烷、苯、菲和环己烷为唯一碳源生长,其中菌株SF-428和SYS-1显示了对芳烃及环烷烃较强的利用能力.Four petroleum - degrading strains SF - 422, SF - 428, SF - 433 and SYS - 1 were isolated from petroleum - contaminated soils in Shenfu wastewater irrigation area and from high - rate diesel oil stressed soil in laboratory. Biodegradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbon （TPH） of these 4 isolates varied from 67.4% to 73.6%. Phylogenetic types of these 4 isolates were determined by physiological and biochemical character analysis combined with 16S rDNA sequences analysis. Strain SF-433, SF- 428, SF - 422 and SYS - 1 were identified as Bacillus cereus, Achrornobacter xylosoxidans, Pseudornonas stutzeri and Burkholderia cepacia, respectively. All of these 4 strains can grow on n - hexadecane, benzene, phenanthrene, and cyclohexane as sole source of carbon. Among these 4 strains, SF -428 and SYS - 1 showed the higher ability to degrade aromatic hydracarbon and cyclohexane.

关 键 词：石油烃降解菌 分离鉴定 生物降解 16S RDNA 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]