Zn超富集植物长柔毛委陵菜对Cd的耐性与富集特征  

Cadmium Tolerance and Accumulation Features of Zn-hyperaccmulator Potentilla griffithii var. velutina

作　　者：胡鹏杰[1] 周小勇[1] 仇荣亮[1] 汤叶涛[1] 应蓉蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第6期2221-2224,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40571144);广东自然科学基金重点项目(05101824);教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"项目(NCET-04-0790);985二期"环境与污染控制技术创新平台"资助项目

摘　　要：通过野外调查和营养液培养,证明Zn超富集植物长柔毛委陵菜(Potentilla griffithii var.velutina)无论在自然条件下还是营养液培养条件下,都对Cd具有很强的耐性和富集能力,是一种潜在的重金属Cd超富集植物。自然条件下生长于铅锌矿区的长柔毛委陵菜,其根系土壤Cd总量为101～1331mg·kg-1,平均320mg·kg-1;植物Cd含量叶片为39～765mg·kg-1,平均178mg·kg-1,叶柄为64～1422mg·kg-1,平均280mg·kg-1;Cd转运系数为0.64～1.18,平均值0.84;生物富集系数为0.22～1.68,平均0.80。营养液培养条件下,长柔毛委陵菜在Cd浓度≤20mg·L-1的介质中能够正常生长;植物叶片、叶柄及根部Cd含量随介质中Cd浓度的增大而增大,叶和柄中Cd含量在60mg·L-1的Cd处理时都达到最大,分别为1604和6145mg·kg-1;不同组织的Cd含量顺序为根>柄>叶;体内累积的Cd有60%以上储存在地上部。营养液培养的Cd转运系数小于自然状况。Field survey and hydroponic experiments were conducted to confirm that Potentilla griffithii var. velutina, a new Zn-hyperaccmulator, have strong Cd tolerance and accumulating capacity not only in natural environment but in hydroponics, and it can be identified as a potential Cd-hyperacumulator. Cadmium concentration in leaves and leafstalks of P. griffithii var. velutina grown in Pb/Zn mining soils averaged 178 mg·kg^-1 （39-765 mg·kg^-1） and 280 mg·kg^-1 （64-1 422 mg·kg^-1）, respectively. The fact that P. griffithii var. velutina was able to grow in a mining soil with a Cd concentration of 1 331 mg·kg^-1 without showing any phytotoxicity demonstrated its high tolerance to Cd. The translocation factor and bioaccumulation factor for Cd averaged 0.84 （0.64-1.18） and 0.80 （0.22-1.38）, respectively. The hydroponics results showed that no reduction in dry matter yields was noted when the plants were grown at Cd supply levels up to 20 mg·kg^-1 in nutrient solution. The concentration of Cd in leaves, leafstalks and roots increased with the Cd supply, and reached a maximum of 1 604 and 6 145 mg·kg^-1 in leaves and leafstalks at 60 mg·kg^-1 Cd, respectively. The Cd concentration in different parts of the plant was in the order： roots〉leafstalks〉 leaves, however, more than 60% of the total Cd accumulated was translocated to the shoots in hydroponics. The Cd translocation factor in hydroponics was lower than that in natural environment.

关 键 词：镉 超富集植物 长柔毛委陵菜(Potentilla griffithii var.velutina) 植物修复 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]