企业员工工作倦怠现状及其影响因素调查  

Investigation of job burnout and its influencing factors among staff in factories

作　　者：周财亮[1] 朱伟[1] 苏东梅 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院社会医学教研室,郑州450052 [2]河南省职业病防治所职业病门诊部,郑州450052

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2007年第6期1177-1181,共5页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的:了解企业员工工作倦怠现状及其影响因素。方法:采用统一设计的调查问卷对抽取的河南省3个国有企业的所有员工的工作倦怠状况进行调查,并运用主成分回归方法分析工作倦怠的影响因素。结果:不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、个性特征的企业员工的工作倦怠状况存在差别(P<0.05或0.01)。职业紧张和应对资源各维度大部分与工作倦怠的各维度存在不同程度的相关关系(P<0.05或0.01)。衰竭的预测变量有N量表得分、任务过重、职业环境、任务不适、责任感、理性处事、自我保健;消极怠慢的预测变量有任务不适、P量表得分、任务冲突、任务过重、职业环境、自我保健和文化程度;专业低效能感的预测变量有任务模糊、P量表得分、任务冲突、任务过重、任务不适、理性处事、社会支持、娱乐休闲、婚姻状况、文化程度(P<0.05或0.01)。结论:人格特征、婚姻状况、文化程度等个体特征是工作倦怠的重要影响变量。减少职业紧张、增加应对资源、同时注意保持适量的工作要求数量和适度的责任感可以减轻工作倦怠。Aim ： To learn the status of job burnout among staff in factories and its influencing factors. Methods ： Questionnaires were administered to investigate the status of all the staff in three randomly selected state factories in Hennanprovince, and then the methods of principle component regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of job burnout. Results： Job burnout was somewhat different among staff in factories of different gender, age, marital status, educational attainment and personality（ P 〈 0.05 or 0.01 ）. The relationship between most of the items of occupational stress, most of the items of coping resources and the scales of job burnout were somewhat corelated（ P 〈0.05 or 0.01 ）. The predictive variables of exhaustion were scores of N scale, role overload, physical environment, role insufficiency, and selfcare. The predictive variables of cynicism were role insufficiency, scores of P scale, role boundary,role overload,physical environment, self-care, and educational attainment. The predictive factors of professional efficacy were role ambiguity, scores of P scale, role boundary,role overload,role insufficiency,rational/cognitive, social support, recreation, marital status, and educational attainment（ P 〈 0.05 or 0.01 ）. Conclusion： Individual characteristics such as personality, marital status, educational attainment are important factors influencing the job burnout. Decreasing occupational stress, increasing coping resources ,keeping appropriate quantity of job demand and moderate responsibility are crucial to alleviate job burnout.

关 键 词：工作倦怠 职业紧张 应对资源 企业员工 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R395[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]