副神经移位膈神经重建高位颈髓损伤后呼吸功能的相关解剖学研究  

Anatomic research on respiratory function reconstruction by transposition of accessory nerve to phrenic nerve in the rats with upper cervical cord injuries

作　　者：周许辉[1] 张咏[1] 严望军[1] 陈雄生[1] 贾连顺[1] 袁文[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学长征医院骨科,上海200003

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2007年第1期54-56,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30571886)

摘　　要：目的:为副神经移位膈神经重建高位颈髓损伤大鼠呼吸功能提供显微解剖学依据。方法:30只健康雄性SD大鼠在16倍手术显微镜下解剖双侧副神经、膈神经及其分支。用精确度为0.001m m游标卡尺测量各段的直径、长度、副神经及其分支与膈神经主干起始端的距离。结果:大鼠膈神经主干起始部直径为(0.207±0.051)m m。副神经出颈静脉孔后(4.191±0.135)m m即分出胸锁乳突肌支,该支长(5.657±0.283)m m,直径(0.221±0.039)m m,与膈神经主干起始端的距离为(10.041±3.181)m m;副神经锁骨上段两斜方肌支之间主干直径为(0.274±0.032)m m与膈神经主干起始端的距离为(5.154±0.782)m m;副神经锁骨下水平发出内、外侧支之前其直径为(0.216±0.027)m m,与膈神经主干起始端的距离为(-1.416±0.216)m m。结论:副神经锁骨下水平发出内、外侧支之前其直径与膈神经主干起始端直径较接近,且可直接与膈神经缝接。Objective： To provide microanatomical data for respiratory function reconstruction by transposition of accessory nerve to phrenic nerve in rats with upper cervical cord injuries. Methods： The bilateral accessory nerves,phrenic nerves, and their branches of 30 male rats were dissected under operating microscopy. The diameter, length of the accessory nerve and its branches, the distance between the accessory nerve and the main trunk of the phrenic nerve were measured adopting the slide gauge with precision of 0.001 millimeter. Results： The proximal part of the main trunk of phrenic nerve was about 0.207 ± 0.051 mm in diameter. At the point of 4.191±0.135mm from jugular foramen, the accessory nerve gave off muscular branches for stemocleidomastoid muscle, which were 5.657±0.283 mm in length and 0.221±0.039 mm in diameter. The distance between the former and the main trunk of the phrenic nerve was about 10.041±3.181 millimeters. The supraclavicular section of the accessory nerve, between its two muscular branches for trapezius, was about 0.274±0.032 mm in diameter and about 5.154±0.782 mm parting from the proximal part of the main trunk of the phrenic nerve. The length of infraclavicular section of the accessory nerve was about （0.216±0.027）mm before giving off medial and lateral branches horizontally. Its distance from the proximal part of main trunk of the phrenic nerve was about -1.416 ±0.216 mm. Conclusions： The diameter of infraclavicular section of the accessory nerve before giving off medial and lateral branches is similar to that of the proximal part of main trunk of phrenic nerve. It is possible to suture them directly.

关 键 词：副神经 膈神经 解剖学 SD大鼠 

分 类 号：R622.3[医药卫生—整形外科] R653[医药卫生—外科学]