历史上永定河筑堤的环境效应初探  

The Preliminary Study of the Environment Impact of Yong Ding River Embankment in the History

作　　者：吴文涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市社会科学院历史研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2007年第4期13-20,共8页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

摘　　要：金、元以后永定河水害急剧增多,由北京的母亲河变成了常常威胁京城安全的害河。金代以来各朝都十分重视对永定河的治理,元明清三朝更是把修筑永定河的堤防作为京畿事务中的重大问题。历史上永定河的大规模筑堤为京城减少了洪水之虞,但同时也带来了包括北京水环境在内的一系列地理环境的变化。本文追溯永定河筑堤后北京地区水环境变迁以及下游地貌改变的重要史实,阐述筑堤工程对于流域整体环境的深远影响,以期引起人们对历史上一些重大水利工程的环境效应的反思。With the increase of the flood disaster brought by Yong Ding River, the mother river of Beijing became an evil river and threatened the national capital＇s security frequently. Every government addressed seriously the management of the river since Jin Dynasty. Embankment had been considered one of the major issues in capital affair during Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. The large-scale embankment reduced the flood threat to the capital city, but also brought a series of changes to the geographical environment of drainage area, including water environment of Beijing and the earth＇s surface of the river downstream. This article will trace back to the important historical evidence of the water environment changes and the changes of the general configuration of the earth＇s surface of the river downstream brought by embankment; demonstrate the profound influence of the embankment of Yong Ding River to the regional environment; in order to address the attention to the environment impact brought by some significant historical hvdraulic engineering.

关 键 词：永定河 筑堤 环境效应 

分 类 号：K928.6[历史地理—人文地理学]