纳洛酮冲击疗法与全麻快速脱毒临床比较分析  

Clinical comparison analysis of naloxone stosstherapy with ultrarapid opioid detoxification under general anaesthesia

作　　者：陈辞珍[1] 王文甫[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省脑科医院,湖南省自愿戒毒中心,长沙410007

出　　处：《中国药物滥用防治杂志》2007年第6期318-320,323,共4页Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

摘　　要：目的:比较纳洛酮(NLX)冲击疗法与全麻快速脱毒(UROD)的优势。方法:30例海洛因依赖者NLX冲击治疗,10例UROD,进行临床观察。结果:NLX冲击者均在病房内完成,患者平均住院2.4天,一次性冲击治疗成功。治疗中有脉搏、呼吸加快,血压增高,但比较平稳。醒转后及次日服纳曲酮(NTX)30-40mg无明显戒断症状,冲击成功率100%。治疗后戒断症状、不良反应比UROD轻。无腹泻及呕吐发生,治疗后3天全部出院。治疗前后肝功能、肾功能、心电图无明显改变。有5例白细胞轻度增高。UROD均需在手术室行气管插管方可完成,10例中有1例并发吸入性肺炎,治疗后7天全部出院。结论:NLX冲击疗法具有脱毒快、彻底、时间短;设施设备要求不高,冲击成功率高,治疗后戒断症状轻,不良反应轻,安全性高,依从性好等优点。可弥补全麻快速脱毒之不足,很有临床实用价值。Objective： To compare the ascendancy of naloxone stosstherapy with general anaesthesia quickly detoxification. Methods： Thirty drug addicts were remedied by impacting NLX （Naloxone）. Ten were remedied by UROD （Ultra-rapid opioid detoxification under general anesthesia）. Results： The therapy of impacting NLX was operated in the ward. The patients got the successful remedy after 2.4 days which were mean days in hospital to them. In the process, their pulse become quickened with deep and rapid respiration, but both of them were stable. There were no indistinct system of rehabilitation when they took the medicine of NLX after waking up and next day with a successful rate of 100%. The symptom of admonish and the adverse reaction to drugs were slighter than UROD. The had no diarrhea and vomiting. All patients were discharged from the hospital after 3 remedial days. Changes could not be found in liver and kidney function, electrocardiography between the two periods of before and after the treatment. The number ofWBC 5 patients only was slighter than before. But to complete UROD needed the act of inserting a tube into trachea in operation. After this treatment 1 patient got inhaling pneumonia. All the patients were release from the hospital after 7 remedial days. Conclusion： The treatment of impating NLX has advantages of fast and utter admonish drugs, short remedial time, low requirement of installation, good success and comply, which fill up the deficiencies of UROD, and has a good clinical practical value.

关 键 词：纳洛酮冲击疗法 全麻快速脱毒 海洛因依赖 比较分析 

分 类 号：R749.64[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]